Pharmacokinetics of bromide in adult sheep following oral and intravenous administration. Issue 1 (January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Quast, TA; Combs, MD; Edwards, SH
• Is Part Of: Australian veterinary journal. Volume 93:Issue 1/2(2015)
• Page Start: 20
• Page End: 25
• Publication Date: 2015-01
• Subjects: Veterinary medicine -- Australia -- Periodicals; Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; Veterinary Medicine -- Periodicals; 636.089
• DOI: 10.1111/avj.12285
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0005-0423

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="avj12285-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>To determine the pharmacokinetics of bromide in sheep after single intravenous (IV) and oral (PO) doses.</p> </sec> <sec id="avj12285-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Procedure</title> <p>Sixteen Merino sheep were randomly assigned to two treatment groups and given 120 mg/kg bromide, as sodium bromide IV or potassium bromide PO. Serum bromide concentrations were determined by colorimetric spectrophotometry.</p> </sec> <sec id="avj12285-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>After IV administration the maximum concentration (<italic>C</italic><sub>max</sub>) was 822.11 ± 93.61 mg/L, volume of distribution (<italic>V</italic><sub>d</sub>) was 0.286 ± 0.031 L/kg and the clearance (<italic>C</italic><italic>l</italic>) was 0.836 ± 0.255 mL/h/kg. After PO administration the <italic>C</italic><sub>max</sub> was 453.86 ± 43.37 mg/L and the time of maximum concentration (<italic>T</italic><sub>max</sub>) was 108 ± 125 h. The terminal half‐life (<italic>t</italic><sub>½</sub>) of bromide after IV and PO administration was 387.93 ± 115.35 h and 346.72 ± 94.05 h, respectively. The oral bioavailability (<italic>F</italic>) of bromide was 92%. No adverse reactions were noted in either treatment group during this study. The concentration versus time profiles exhibited secondary peaks, suggestive of gastrointestinal cyclic redistribution of the drug.</p> </sec> <sec id="avj12285-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions and clinical relevance</title> <p>When administered PO, bromide in sheep has a long half‐life (<italic>t</italic><sub>½</sub>) of approximately 14 days, with good bioavailability. Potassium bromide is a readily available, affordable salt with a long history of medical use as an anxiolytic, sedative and antiseizure therapy in other species. There are a number of husbandry activities and flock level neurological conditions, including perennial ryegrass toxicosis, in which bromide may have therapeutic or prophylactic application.</p> </sec> </abstract>