Annual population dynamics of mango fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) in West Africa: socio-economic aspects, host phenology and implications for management. (25th April 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vayssières, Jean-François; Sinzogan, Antonio; Adandonon, Appolinaire; Rey, Jean-Yves; Dieng, Elhadj Oumar; Camara, Koumandian; Sangaré, Morodian; Ouedraogo, Sylvain; Hala, N'klo; Sidibé, Adama; Keita, Youssouf; Gogovor, Guy; Korie, Sam; Coulibaly, Ousmane; Kikissagbé, Cinthia; Tossou, Alliance; Billah, Max; Biney, Koffi; Nobime, Oswald; Diatta, Paterne; N'Dépo, Robert; Noussourou, Moussa; Traoré, Lanciné; Saizonou, Symphorien; Tamo, Manuele
• Is Part Of: Fruits. Volume 69:Number 3(2014)
• Page Start: 207
• Page End: 222
• Publication Date: 2014-04-25
• Subjects: Fruit-culture -- Periodicals; 634
• DOI: 10.1051/fruits/2014011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0248-1294

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="normal" xml:lang="en"> <title> <x content-type="archive" xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p> <bold>Introduction</bold>. Losses in West African commercial mango orchards due to fruit fly infestations have exceeded 50% by the middle of the crop season since 2005, resulting in considerable income loss for the growers. <bold>Materials and methods</bold>. In 2009, weekly monitoring of adult fruit fly species of economic significance was carried out in eight West African countries at 12 sites across five agro-ecological zones: (i) Humid Forest, (ii) Guinean savanna, (iii) Southern Sudan, (iv) Northern Sudan, and (v) Sahelian. Trapping was performed using methyl eugenol and terpinyl acetate in 288 Tephri-traps, targeting <italic>Bactrocera invadens</italic> and <italic>Ceratitis cosyra</italic>. <bold>Results</bold>. The data showed that <italic>B. invadens</italic> was present throughout the year in the Forest zone, abundant for 7 months, with a peak in May at the end of the mango season, <italic>C. cosyra</italic> being totally absent. In the Guinean savanna zone, <italic>B. invadens</italic> was abundant for 6-7 months, with a peak at the beginning of June coinciding with the season, with a few <italic>C. cosyra</italic>. In the Southern Sudan zone, <italic>B. invadens</italic> was abundant for 6 months, with a peak in mid-June during the season, <italic>C. cosyra</italic> peaking in April. In the Northern Sudan zone, <italic>B. invadens</italic> was abundant for 5 months, with a peak at the end of June at the end of the season, <italic>C. cosyra</italic> peaking in May. In the Sahelian zone, <italic>B. invadens</italic> was abundant for 4 months, peaking in August during the season, <italic>C. cosyra</italic> peaking just before. These preliminary results showed that the exotic species, <italic>B. invadens</italic>, was present at high levels [mean peak of 378 flies per trap per day (FTD)] in all agro-ecological zones, while the native species, <italic>C. cosyra</italic>, preferred the drier zones of West Africa, with lower population levels (mean peak of 77 FTD). <bold>Conclusion</bold>. Detection trapping of male flies with parapheromones is a useful indicator of field population levels and could be used to deploy control measures (IPM package) in a timely manner when the Economic Injury Level is reached. Control strategies for these quarantine mango fruit fly species are discussed with respect to agro-ecological zones and the phenological stages of the mango tree.</p> </abstract>