Pomegranate juice polyphenols induce a phenotypic switch in macrophage polarization favoring a M2 anti‐inflammatory state. (4th February 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Aharoni, Saar; Lati, Yoni; Aviram, Michael; Fuhrman, Bianca
• Is Part Of: BioFactors. Volume 41:Number 1(2015:Jan./Feb.)
• Page Start: 44
• Page End: 51
• Publication Date: 2015-02-04
• Subjects: Vitamins -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Trace elements -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Growth factors -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Plant growth promoting substances -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena -- Periodicals; Trace Elements -- metabolism -- Periodicals; Vitamins -- metabolism -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; 612.399
• DOI: 10.1002/biof.1199
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0951-6433

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>It was documented that pomegranate has anti‐inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated a direct effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) and its polyphenols on macrophage inflammatory phenotype. <italic>In vitro</italic>, PJ and its major polyphenols dose‐dependently attenuated macrophage response to M1 proinflammatory activation in J774.A1 macrophage‐like cell line. This was evidenced by a significant decrease in TNFα and IL‐6 secretion in response to stimulation by IFNγ and Lipopolysaccharide. In addition, PJ and punicalagin dose‐dependently promoted the macrophages toward a M2 anti‐inflammatory phenotype, as determined by a significant increase in the spontaneous secretion of IL‐10. In mice, supplementation with dietary PJ substantially inhibited the M2 to M1macrophage phenotypic shift associated with age, toward a favorable anti‐inflammatory M2 phenotype. This effect was also reflected in the mice atherosclerotic plaques, as evaluated by the distinct expression of arginase isoforms. PJ consumption inhibited the increment of arginase II (Arg II, M1) mRNA expression during aging, and maintained the levels of Arg I (M2) expression similar to those in young mice aorta. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that pomegranate polyphenols directly suppress macrophage inflammatory responses and promote M1 to M2 switch in macrophage phenotype. Furthermore, this study indicates that PJ consumption may inhibit the progressive proinflammatory state in the aorta along atherosclerosis development with aging, due to a switch in macrophage phenotype from proinflammatory M1to anti‐inflammatory M2. © 2015 BioFactors, 41(1):44–51, 2015</p> </abstract>