Alcoholic Liver Disease: The Gut Microbiome and Liver Cross Talk. (May 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hartmann, Phillipp; Seebauer, Caroline T.; Schnabl, Bernd
• Is Part Of: Alcoholism. Volume 39:Number 5(2015:May)
• Page Start: 763
• Page End: 775
• Publication Date: 2015-05
• Subjects: Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Alcoolisme; Electronic journals; Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); 616.861005
• DOI: 10.1111/acer.12704
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0145-6008

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="acer12704-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Alcoholic fatty liver disease can progress to steatohepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis. Patients with alcohol abuse show quantitative and qualitative changes in the composition of the intestinal microbiome. Furthermore, patients with ALD have increased intestinal permeability and elevated systemic levels of gut‐derived microbial products. Maintaining eubiosis, stabilizing the mucosal gut barrier, or preventing cellular responses to microbial products protect from experimental ALD. Therefore, intestinal dysbiosis and pathological bacterial translocation appear fundamental for the pathogenesis of ALD. This review highlights causes for intestinal dysbiosis and pathological bacterial translocation, their relationship, and consequences for ALD. We also discuss how the liver affects the intestinal microbiota.</p> </abstract>