Alveolar bone preservation subsequent to miniscrew implant placement in a canine model. (18th November 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Melsen, B.; Huja, S. S.; Chien, H.‐H.; Dalstra, M.
• Is Part Of: Orthodontics and craniofacial research. Volume 18:Number 2(2015:May)
• Page Start: 77
• Page End: 85
• Publication Date: 2014-11-18
• Subjects: Skull -- Growth -- Periodicals; Facial bones -- Growth -- Periodicals; Orthodontics -- Periodicals; Orthodontics, Corrective -- Periodicals; Orthodontic appliances -- Periodicals; 617.51
• DOI: 10.1111/ocr.12058
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1601-6335

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="ocr12058-abs-0001"> <title>Structured Abstract</title> <sec id="ocr12058-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>To assess the effects of transcortical screws on alveolar (bone) ridge preservation following extraction.</p> </sec> <sec id="ocr12058-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Design</title> <p>Four adult beagle dogs had mandibular premolars extracted bilaterally. After 6 weeks, using a split‐mouth design, two transcortical screws were inserted unilaterally below the alveolar crest on the experimental side in the region of the extraction. The dogs were killed after 12 weeks. The bone at the extraction sites was analyzed using <italic>μ</italic>CT and 3D analysis. A cylindrical core was placed around the actual and a virtual screw placed in the identical location on the control side. The bone volume within the cylinders was quantified. An insertion of a dental implant was simulated bilaterally at the insertion site. The height of the clinical crown and the alveolar crest were determined on both sides. The bone turnover was assessed histomorphometrically on un‐decalcified bucco‐lingual sections stained with basic fuchsine and toluidine blue.</p> </sec> <sec id="ocr12058-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Comparison of the two sides revealed a significant difference both with regard to the bone volume and morphology. The transcortical screw caused an increase in bone density and less ridge atrophy. When simulating a dental implant placement on both sides, the bone preservation on the experimental side led to a need for a shorter clinical crown compared to the control side. A higher activity level of the bone in the experimental side was demonstrated histologically.</p> </sec> <sec id="ocr12058-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>In this dog model the insertion of a mini‐implant across the healing alveolar process results in increased density not only adjacent to the screws, but also in the region where a potential dental implant would be inserted. In humans, the insertion of transcortical screws may maintain bone when for various reasons insertion of a permanent dental implant has to be postponed.</p> </sec> </abstract>