Low muscle mass and sarcopenia: common and predictive of osteopenia in inflammatory bowel disease. Issue 9 (5th March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bryant, R. V.; Ooi, S.; Schultz, C. G.; Goess, C.; Grafton, R.; Hughes, J.; Lim, A.; Bartholomeusz, F. D.; Andrews, J. M.
• Is Part Of: Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. Volume 41:Issue 9(2015)
• Page Start: 895
• Page End: 906
• Publication Date: 2015-03-05
• Subjects: Digestive organs -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Digestive organs -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; 615.73
• DOI: 10.1111/apt.13156
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-2813

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="apt13156-abs-0001"> <title>Summary</title> <sec id="apt13156-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Body composition is poorly studied in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Sarcopenia describes a loss of muscle mass and strength.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt13156-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>To assess the prevalence of low lean mass (LM), sarcopenia and associated morbidity in an adult IBD cohort.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt13156-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Cross‐sectional data were gathered on pre‐menopausal 18‐ to 50‐year‐old patients with IBD. Whole‐body dual‐energy <italic>X</italic>‐ray absorptiometry, anthropometric assessment and grip strength were performed. Low LM was defined as ≥1 s.d. below the population mean for appendicular skeletal muscle index [ASMI (kg)/height (m)²], and sarcopenia as both ASMI and grip strength ≥1 s.d. below population mean. Multivariate regression analyses were performed.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt13156-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Of 137 participants (median age 31 years, BMI 24.8 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), 56% were male and 69% had Crohn's disease (CD). Low LM and sarcopenia were observed in 21% and 12% of patients, respectively, and osteopenia/osteoporosis in 38% of patients (mean lumbar spine <italic>t</italic>‐score −0.3 ± s.d. 1.1). Grip strength predicted low LM and sarcopenia better than did body mass index (BMI) (OR 4.8 vs. OR 0.7 for low‐LM, <italic> P</italic> < 0.05 both). Normal BMI was falsely reassuring in 72% and 76% of patients with low ASMI and sarcopenia, respectively. Low LM and sarcopenia (OR = 3.6, <italic>P = </italic>0.03; OR = 6.3, <italic>P</italic> = 0.02; respectively), but not BMI nor fat mass, predicted osteopenia/osteoporosis.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt13156-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Low lean mass and sarcopenia are common in patients with IBD, and important to recognise as they predict osteopenia/osteoporosis. Grip strength testing should be incorporated into routine clinical practice to detect low lean mass deficits, which may go unrecognised using BMI alone.</p> </sec> </abstract>