Dietary Yeasts Reduce Inflammation in Central Nerve System via Microflora. (3rd December 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Takata, Kazushiro; Tomita, Takayuki; Okuno, Tatsusada; Kinoshita, Makoto; Koda, Toru; Honorat, Josephe A.; Takei, Masaya; Hagihara, Kouichiro; Sugimoto, Tomoyuki; Mochizuki, Hideki; Sakoda, Saburo; Nakatsuji, Yuji
• Is Part Of: Annals of clinical and translational neurology. Volume 2:Number 1(2015:Jan.)
• Page Start: 56
• Page End: 66
• Publication Date: 2014-12-03
• Subjects: Nervous system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Neurology -- Periodicals; 616.8005
• DOI: 10.1002/acn3.153
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2328-9503

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="acn3153-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="acn3153-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The intestinal microflora affects the pathogenesis of several autoimmune diseases by influencing immune system function. Some bacteria, such as lactic acid bacteria, have been reported to have beneficial effects on immune function. However, little is known about the effects of yeasts. Here, we aimed to investigate the effects of various dietary yeasts contained in fermented foods on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis (MS), and to elucidate the mechanisms underlying these effects.</p> </sec> <sec id="acn3153-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>The effects of eight yeasts selected from 18 types of yeasts contained in fermented foods were examined using an EAE model. Of these, <italic>Candida kefyr</italic> was investigated by analyzing the intestinal microflora and its effects on intestinal and systemic immune states.</p> </sec> <sec id="acn3153-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Administration of <italic>C. kefyr</italic> ameliorated the severity of EAE. Reduced numbers of Th17 cells, suppressed interleukin (IL)‐6 production by intestinal explants, and increased Tregs and CD103‐positive regulatory dendritic cells in mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs) were observed. Analysis of 16s‐rDNA from feces of <italic>C. kefyr</italic>‐treated mice demonstrated increased <italic>Lactobacillales</italic> and decreased <italic>Bacteroides</italic> compared to control flora. Transfer of intestinal microbiota also resulted in decreased <italic>Bacteroides</italic> and ameliorated symptoms of EAE. Thus, oral administration of <italic>C. kefyr</italic> ameliorated EAE by altering the microflora, accompanied by increased Tregs and CD103‐positive regulatory dendritic cells in MLNs and decreased Th17 cells in the intestinal lamina propria.</p> </sec> <sec id="acn3153-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Interpretation</title> <p>Oral ingestion of <italic>C. kefyr</italic> may have beneficial effects on MS by modifying microflora. In addition, our findings also suggested the potential health benefits of dietary yeasts.</p> </sec> </abstract>