25‐hydroxy vitamin D levels are associated with childhood asthma in a population‐based study in Peru. Issue 1 (January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Checkley, W.; Robinson, C. L.; Baumann, L. M.; Hansel, N. N.; Romero, K. M.; Pollard, S. L.; Wise, R. A.; Gilman, R. H.; Mougey, E.; Lima, J. J.; PURA study investigators
• Is Part Of: Clinical & experimental allergy. Volume 45:Issue 1(2015:Jan.)
• Page Start: 273
• Page End: 282
• Publication Date: 2015-01
• Subjects: Allergy -- Periodicals; Immunology -- Periodicals; 616.97
• DOI: 10.1111/cea.12311
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-7894

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="cea12311-abs-0001"> <title>Summary</title> <sec id="cea12311-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased risk of asthma.</p> </sec> <sec id="cea12311-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>We studied the association between 25‐hydroxy (25‐OH) vitamin D deficiency and asthma prevalence in two Peruvian populations close to the equator but with disparate degrees of urbanization.</p> </sec> <sec id="cea12311-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>We conducted a population‐based study in 1441 children in two communities in Peru, of which 1134 (79%) provided a blood sample for 25‐OH vitamin D analysis.</p> </sec> <sec id="cea12311-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>In these 1134 children, mean age was 14.8 years; 52% were boys; asthma and atopy prevalence was 12% in Lima vs. 3% in Tumbes (<italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001) and 59% in Lima vs. 41% in Tumbes (<italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001), respectively; and, mean 25‐OH vitamin D level was 20.8 ng/mL in Lima vs. 30.1 ng/mL in Tumbes (<italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001). Prevalence of 25‐OH vitamin D deficiency (< 20 ng/mL) was 47% in Lima vs. 7% in Tumbes (<italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001). In multi‐variable logistic regression, we found that lower 25‐OH vitamin D levels were associated with an increased odds of asthma (OR = 1.7 per each 10 ng/mL decrease in 25‐OH vitamin D levels, 95% CI 1.2–2.6; <italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.01). In stratified analyses, the association between lower 25‐OH vitamin D levels and asthma was limited to children with atopy (OR = 2.2, 95% CI 1.3–3.6) and not in those without atopy (OR = 0.9, 95% CI 0.5–2.0). We did not find associations between 25‐OH vitamin D levels and other clinical biomarkers for asthma, including exhaled nitric oxide, total serum IgE and pulmonary function.</p> </sec> <sec id="cea12311-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance</title> <p>Both asthma and 25‐OH vitamin D deficiency were common among children living in Lima (latitude = 12.0°S) but not among those in Tumbes (3.6°S). The relationship between 25‐OH vitamin D deficiency and asthma was similar in both sites and was limited among children with atopy. Future supplementation trials may need to consider stratification by atopy at the time of design.</p> </sec> </abstract>