Evaluation of sea‐surface salinity observed by Aquarius. Issue 11 (28th November 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Abe, Hiroto; Ebuchi, Naoto
• Is Part Of: Journal of geophysical research. Volume 119:Issue 11(2014:Nov.)
• Page Start: 8109
• Page End: 8121
• Publication Date: 2014-11-28
• Subjects: Oceanography -- Periodicals; 551.4605
• DOI: 10.1002/2014JC010094
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2169-9275

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>Sea‐surface salinity (SSS) observed by Aquarius was compared with global observations from Argo floats and offshore moored buoys to evaluate the quality of satellite SSS data and to assess error structures. Aquarius products retrieved by different algorithms (Aquarius Official Release version 3.0 [V3.0], Combined Active‐Passive [CAP] algorithm version 3.0, and Remote Sensing Systems test bed algorithm version 3) were compared. The Aquarius SSS was in good agreement with in situ salinity measurements for all three products. Root‐mean‐square (rms) differences of the salinity residual, with respect to Argo salinity, ranged from 0.41 to 0.52 psu. These three Aquarius products exhibit high SSS deviation from Argo salinity under lower sea‐surface temperature conditions (<10°C) due to lower sensitivity of microwave emissivity to SSS. The CAP product deviates under strong wind conditions (>10 m s<sup>−1</sup>), probably due to model bias and uncertainty associated with sea‐surface roughness. Furthermore, significant SSS differences between ascending (south‐to‐north) and descending (north‐to‐south) paths were detected. The monthly averaged Aquarius SSS (1° × 1° grid) was also compared with outputs from the ocean data optimal interpolation (OI) system operated by the Japan Agency for Marine‐Earth Science Technology (JAMSTEC) and the ocean data assimilation system used by the Meteorological Research Institute, Japan Meteorological Agency (MRI/JMA). Negative bias, attributed to near‐surface salinity stratification by precipitation, was detected in tropical regions. For 40°S–40°N, rms difference, with respect to JAMSTEC OI, is 0.27 psu for the V3.0, while the CAP product rms difference is only 0.22 psu, which is close to the Aquarius mission goal.</p> </abstract>