Obstructive sleep apnoea in people with Type 1 diabetes: prevalence and association with micro‐ and macrovascular complications. Issue 1 (25th September 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Manin, G.; Pons, A.; Baltzinger, P.; Moreau, F.; Iamandi, C.; Wilhelm, J. M.; Lenoble, P.; Kessler, L.; Kessler, R.
• Is Part Of: Diabetic medicine. Volume 32:Issue 1(2015:Jan.)
• Page Start: 90
• Page End: 96
• Publication Date: 2014-09-25
• Subjects: Diabetes -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1111/dme.12582
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0742-3071

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="dme12582-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="dme12582-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Aims</title> <p>Few reports have assessed the relationship between Type 1 diabetes and sleep disorders. The purposes of our study were to determine the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea in Type 1 diabetes and to compare the clinical profile of people with Type 1 diabetes with or without obstructive sleep apnoea.</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12582-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>In this cross sectional study of 67 consecutive people with Type 1 diabetes, we performed polysomnography as part of their yearly check‐ups.</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12582-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>In our cohort, with a mean BMI of 25.8 ± 4.7 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea [apnoea–hypopnoea index (AHI) > 10/h] was 46%. Severe obstructive sleep apnoea (AHI ≥ 30/h) was present in 19% of the patients. We found no significant differences in age, sex, body mass index, HbA<sub>1c</sub> or Epworth sleepiness scale score between people with or without obstructive sleep apnoea. People with obstructive sleep apnoea had a longer course of diabetes mellitus (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01) and a higher prevalence of retinopathy (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01), neuropathy (<italic>P</italic> = 0.05), cardiovascular disease (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01) and hypertension (<italic>P</italic> < 0.01). The occurrence of macrovascular complications was independently associated with the presence of OSA [odds ratio (OR) 8.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.56–43.97; <italic>P</italic> = 0.013] and the duration of diabetes (OR 1.08; 95% CI, 1.02–1.15; <italic>P</italic> = 0.01). Moreover, retinopathy was independently associated with OSA (OR 4.54; 95% CI, 1.09–18.82; <italic>P</italic> = 0.04) and the duration of diabetes (OR 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04–1.15; <italic>P</italic> = 0.001).</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12582-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>The prevalence of obstructive sleep apnoea was high in people with Type 1 diabetes. Obstructive sleep apnoea was independently associated with macrovascular complications and retinopathy. Obesity and excessive daytime sleepiness were uncommon in this population.</p> </sec> </abstract>