Antimicrobial resistance and antimicrobial resistance genes in marine bacteria from salmon aquaculture and non‐aquaculture sites. (2nd April 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shah, Syed Q. A.; Cabello, Felipe C.; L'Abée‐Lund, Trine M.; Tomova, Alexandra; Godfrey, Henry P.; Buschmann, Alejandro H.; Sørum, Henning
• Is Part Of: Environmental microbiology. Volume 16:Number 5(2014:May)
• Page Start: 1310
• Page End: 1320
• Publication Date: 2014-04-02
• Subjects: Microbial ecology -- Periodicals; Environmental Microbiology -- Periodicals; 579.17
• DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.12421
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1462-2912

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Summary</title> <p>Antimicrobial resistance (AR) detected by disc diffusion and antimicrobial resistance genes detected by DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction with amplicon sequencing were studied in 124 marine bacterial isolates from a Chilean salmon aquaculture site and 76 from a site without aquaculture 8 km distant. Resistance to one or more antimicrobials was present in 81% of the isolates regardless of site. Resistance to tetracycline was most commonly encoded by <italic>tetA</italic> and <italic>tetG</italic>; to trimethoprim, by <italic>dfrA1, dfrA5</italic> and <italic>dfrA12</italic>; to sulfamethizole, by <italic>sul1</italic> and <italic>sul2</italic>; to amoxicillin, by <italic>bla</italic><sub>TEM</sub>; and to streptomycin, by <italic>strA‐strB</italic>. Integron integrase <italic>intl1</italic> was detected in 14 <italic>sul1</italic>‐positive isolates, associated with <italic>aad9</italic> gene cassettes in two from the aquaculture site. <italic>intl2</italic> Integrase was only detected in three <italic>dfrA1</italic>‐positive isolates from the aquaculture site and was not associated with gene cassettes in any. Of nine isolates tested for conjugation, two from the aquaculture site transferred AR determinants to <italic>E</italic><italic>scherichia coli</italic>. High levels of AR in marine sediments from aquaculture and non‐aquaculture sites suggest that dispersion of the large amounts of antimicrobials used in Chilean salmon aquaculture has created selective pressure in areas of the marine environment far removed from the initial site of use of these agents.</p> </abstract>