Evaluation of digital channel network derivation methods in a glaciated subalpine catchment. Issue 13 (23rd April 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Hastings, Blaine E.; Kampf, Stephanie K.
• Is Part Of: Earth surface processes and landforms. Volume 39:Issue 13(2014)
• Page Start: 1790
• Page End: 1802
• Publication Date: 2014-04-23
• Subjects: Geomorphology -- Periodicals; 551.4
• DOI: 10.1002/esp.3566
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0197-9337

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>ABSTRACT</title> <p>The digital elevation model (DEM) has become an essential tool for an increasing array of mountain runoff analyses, particularly the derivation and mapping of stream channel networks. This study examines how well commonly applied DEM‐based channel derivation methods at different spatial resolutions can represent the channel network for a glaciated Rocky Mountain headwater catchment. The specific objectives are to (1) examine how differences in gridded DEM resolution affect spatially distributed values of local slope, specific contributing area, and topographic wetness index derived from both eight and infinite directional flow algorithms, (2) map the actual stream channel network to examine the influence of surface variables on channel initiation, and (3) assess accuracy of DEM‐derived networks compared with the field surveyed network. Results show that for the same contributing area threshold, increasing grid cell size leads to increased channelization of modeled networks. A plot of local slope versus contributing area reveals a negative relationship similar to that of prior studies in un‐glaciated areas but with breaks in slope at contributing areas that are too small to represent thresholds for channelization. Field survey results and evaluation of DEM‐derived channel networks suggest that channel network formation is not clearly related to surface topographic variables at Loch Vale. Digitally derived channel networks do not accurately predict low order channel locations, but approximations of the channel network with drainage density and headward extent of channelization similar to the observed network can be derived with both a 1 m and 10 m DEM using a contributing area threshold of approximately 4x10<sup>4</sup> m<sup>2</sup>. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p> </abstract>