Physiological Daily Inhalation Rates for Health Risk Assessment in Overweight/Obese Children, Adults, and Elderly. Issue 3 (22nd October 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Brochu, Pierre; Bouchard, Michèle; Haddad, Sami
• Is Part Of: Risk analysis. Volume 34:Issue 3(2014)
• Page Start: 567
• Page End: 582
• Publication Date: 2013-10-22
• Subjects: Technology -- Risk assessment -- Periodicals; 658.403
• DOI: 10.1111/risa.12125
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0272-4332

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>Physiological daily inhalation rates reported in our previous study for normal‐weight subjects 2.6–96 years old were compared to inhalation data determined in free‐living overweight/obese individuals (<italic>n</italic> = 661) aged 5–96 years. Inhalation rates were also calculated in normal‐weight (<italic>n</italic> = 408), overweight (<italic>n</italic> = 225), and obese classes 1, 2, and 3 adults (<italic>n</italic> = 134) aged 20–96 years. These inhalation values were based on published indirect calorimetry measurements (<italic>n</italic> = 1, 069) and disappearance rates of oral doses of water isotopes (i.e., <sup>2</sup>H<sub>2</sub>O and H<sub>2</sub><sup>18</sup>O) monitored by gas isotope ratio mass spectrometry usually in urine samples for an aggregate period of over 16, 000 days. Ventilatory equivalents for overweight/obese subjects at rest and during their aggregate daytime activities (28.99 ± 6.03 L to 34.82 ± 8.22 L of air inhaled/L of oxygen consumed; mean ± <italic>SD</italic>) were determined and used for calculations of inhalation rates. The interindividual variability factor calculated as the ratio of the highest 99th percentile to the lowest 1st percentile of daily inhalation rates is higher for absolute data expressed in m<sup>3</sup>/day (26.7) compared to those of data in m<sup>3</sup>/kg‐day (12.2) and m<sup>3</sup>/m<sup>2</sup>‐day (5.9). Higher absolute rates generally found in overweight/obese individuals compared to their normal‐weight counterparts suggest higher intakes of air pollutants (in μg/day) for the former compared to the latter during identical exposure concentrations and conditions. Highest absolute mean (24.57 m<sup>3</sup>/day) and 99th percentile (55.55 m<sup>3</sup>/day) values were found in obese class 2 adults. They inhale on average 8.21 m<sup>3</sup> more air per day than normal‐weight adults.</p> </abstract>