GANRA-5 protects mice from X-ray irradiation-induced dysfunction of the immune system. (August 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Liu, T.; Pei, H.; Xu, D.; Zhang, Y.; Wan, J.; Wu, X.; Zhang, X.; Sun, F.; He, J.; Li, P.; Tian, N.; Wang, J.; Chen, W.; Zhou, G.
• Is Part Of: Free radical research. Volume 48:Number 8(2014:Aug.)
• Page Start: 875
• Page End: 882
• Publication Date: 2014-08
• Subjects: Free radicals (Chemistry) -- Periodicals; Antioxidants -- Periodicals; Vitamin C -- Periodicals; Vitamin E -- Periodicals; 541.224
• DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2014.919389
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1071-5762

Abstract

<abstract> <title>Abstract</title> <p>Ionizing radiation produces reactive oxygen species (ROS), which cause damage to cells. We have synthesized a class of ROS scavengers and found that one of them, named GANRA-5, exhibits high radio-protective effects against both heavy ion irradiation and X-rays, while at the same time displaying low levels of toxicity. Pre-administration with an effective dose of GANRA-5 reduces radiation-induced damage to tissues and increases the survival rate of exposed mice. In this study, we evaluated the changes to the immune system via X-ray irradiation, and investigated how pre-administration of GANRA-5 exhibited preventative characteristics. Compared to the irradiated control groups, GANRA-5 treatment significantly reduced the radiation-induced spleen shrinkage and pathological changes. Moreover, pretreatment with GANRA-5 significantly (<italic>p</italic> < 0.01) enhanced the cellular immune response, which was characterized by higher peritoneal macrophage as well as splenocyte survival, and a higher ratio of CD4<sup>+</sup>/CD8<sup>+</sup> T lymphocytes. In addition, GANRA-5 treatment before whole body irradiation significantly improved the humoral response (<italic>p</italic> < 0.01) as indicated by the higher antibody titers of IgG, IgA, and IgM. Furthermore, GANRA-5 treatment significantly (<italic>p</italic> < 0.01) countered radiation-induced decreases in the titers of serum IL-2 and IL-4 when compared to irradiated but untreated control groups. In summary, these findings indicate that GANRA-5 provides effective protection to the immune system against X-ray-induced immunosuppression.</p> </abstract>