Species‐specific Standardisation of Licorice by Metabolomic Profiling of Flavanones and Chalcones. Issue 4 (13th November 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Simmler, Charlotte; Jones, Tristesse; Anderson, Jeffrey R.; Nikolić, Dejan C.; van Breemen, Richard B.; Soejarto, Djaja D.; Chen, Shao‐Nong; Pauli, Guido F.; Choi, Young Hae; Verpoorte, Robert
• Is Part Of: Phytochemical analysis. Volume 25:Issue 4(2014:Jul.)
• Page Start: 378
• Page End: 388
• Publication Date: 2013-11-13
• Subjects: Plants -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Plants -- chemistry -- Periodicals; 572.2
• DOI: 10.1002/pca.2472
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0958-0344

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>ABSTRACT</title> <sec id="pca2472-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Introduction</title> <p>Major phenolics from licorice roots (<italic>Glycyrrhiza</italic> sp.) are glycosides of the flavanone liquiritigenin (F) and its 2′‐hydroxychalcone isomer, isoliquiritigenin (C). As the F and C contents fluctuate between batches of licorice, both quality control and standardisation of its preparations become complex tasks.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2472-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>To characterise the F and C metabolome in extracts from <italic>Glycyrrhiza glabra</italic> L. and <italic>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</italic> Fisch. ex DC. by addressing their composition in major F–C pairs and defining the total F:C proportion.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2472-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Material and methods</title> <p>Three types of extracts from DNA‐authenticated samples were analysed by a validated UHPLC/UV method to quantify major F and C glycosides. Each extract was characterised by the identity of major F–C pairs and the proportion of Fs among all quantified Fs:Cs.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2472-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>The F and C compositions and proportions were found to be constant for all extracts from a <italic>Glycyrrhiza</italic> species. All <italic>G. uralensis</italic> extracts contained up to 2.5 more Fs than <italic>G. glabra</italic> extracts. Major F–C pairs were B‐ring glycosidated in <italic>G. uralensis</italic>, and A‐/B‐ring apiosyl‐glucosidated in the <italic>G. glabra</italic> extracts. The F:C proportion was found to be linked to the glycosidation site: the more B‐ring F‐C glycosides were present, the higher was the final F:C proportion in the extract. These results enable the chemical differentiation of extracts from <italic>G. uralensis</italic> and <italic>G. glabra</italic>, which are characterised by total F:C proportions of 8.37:1.63 and 7.18:2.82, respectively.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2472-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Extracts from <italic>G. glabra</italic> and <italic>G. uralensis</italic> can be differentiated by their respective F and C compositions and proportions, which are both useful for further standardisation of licorice botanicals. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p> </sec> </abstract>