Women who are motivated to eat and discount the future are more obese. (6th December 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Epstein, Leonard H.; Jankowiak, Noelle; Fletcher, Kelly D.; Carr, Katelyn A.; Nederkoorn, Chantal; Raynor, Hollie A.; Finkelstein, Eric
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 22:Number 6(2014:Jun.)
• Page Start: 1394
• Page End: 1399
• Publication Date: 2013-12-06
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.20661
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="oby20661-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>Food reinforcement and delay discounting (DD) independently predict body mass index (BMI), but there is no research studying whether these variables interact to improve prediction of BMI.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20661-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>BMI, the relative reinforcing value of high (PMAX<sub>HED</sub>) and low (PMAX<sub>LED</sub>) energy dense food, and DD for $10 and $100 future rewards (DD<sub>10</sub>, DD<sub>100</sub>) were measured in 199 adult females.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20661-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>PMAX<sub>HED</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.017), DD<sub>10</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.003), and DD<sub>100</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.003) were independent predictors of BMI. The interaction of PMAX<sub>LED</sub> × DD<sub>10</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.033) and DD<sub>100</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.039), and PMAX<sub>HED</sub> × DD<sub>10</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.038) and DD<sub>100</sub> (<italic>P</italic> = 0.045) increased the variance accounted for predicting BMI beyond the base model controlling for age, education, minority status, disinhibition, and dietary restraint. Based on the regression model, BMI differed by about 2 BMI units for low versus high food reinforcement, by about 3 BMI units for low versus high DD, and by about 4 BMI units for those high in PMAX<sub>HED</sub>, but low in DD versus high in PMAX<sub>HED</sub> and high in DD.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20661-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Reducing DD may help prevent obesity and improve treatment of obesity in those who are high in food reinforcement.</p> </sec> </abstract>