Aphis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) species groups found in the Midwestern United States and their contribution to the phylogenetic knowledge of the genus. (15th January 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lagos, Doris M.; Voegtlin, David J.; Coeur d'acier, Armelle; Giordano, Rosanna
• Is Part Of: Insect science. Volume 21:Number 3(2014:Jun.)
• Page Start: 374
• Page End: 391
• Publication Date: 2014-01-15
• Subjects: Insects -- Periodicals; Entomology -- Periodicals; 595.705
• DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12089
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1672-9609

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>A phylogeny of the genus <italic>Aphis</italic> Linnaeus, 1 758 was built primarily from specimens collected in the Midwest of the United States. A data matrix was constructed with 68 species and 41 morphological characters with respective character states of alate and apterous viviparous females. Dendrogram topologies of analyses performed using UPGMA (Unweighted Pair Group Method with Arithmetic Mean), Maximum Parsimony and Bayesian analysis of Cytochrome Oxidase I, Elongation Factor 1‐α and primary endosymbiont <italic>Buchnera aphidicola</italic> 16S sequences were not congruent. Bayesian analysis strongly supported most terminal nodes of the phylogenetic trees. The phylogeny was strongly supported by EF1‐α, and analysis of COI and EF1‐α molecular data combined with morphological characters. It was not supported by single analysis of COI or <italic>Buchnera aphidicola</italic> 16S. Results from the Bayesian phylogeny show 4 main species groups: <italic>asclepiadis</italic>, <italic>fabae</italic>, <italic>gossypii</italic>, and <italic>middletonii</italic>. Results place <italic>Aphis</italic> and species of the genera <italic>Protaphis</italic> Börner, 1952, <italic>Toxoptera</italic> Koch, <xref ref-type="link" rid="ins12089-bib-0022">1856</xref> and <italic>Xerobion</italic> Nevsky, 1928 in a monophyletic clade. Morphological characters support this monophyly as well. The phylogeny shows that the monophyletic clade of the North American <italic>middletonii</italic> species group belong to the genus <italic>Protaphis</italic>: <italic>P. debilicornis</italic> (Gillette & Palmer, <xref ref-type="link" rid="ins12089-bib-0047">1929</xref>), comb. nov., <italic>P. echinaceae</italic> (Lagos and Voegtlin, <xref ref-type="link" rid="ins12089-bib-0024">2009</xref>), comb. nov., and <italic>P. middletonii</italic> (Thomas, <xref ref-type="link" rid="ins12089-bib-0038">1879</xref>). The genus <italic>Toxoptera</italic> should be considered a subgenus of <italic>Aphis</italic> (stat. nov.). The analysis also indicates that the current genus <italic>Iowana</italic> Frison, 1954 should be considered a subgenus of <italic>Aphis</italic> (stat. nov.).</p> </abstract>