Increased serum IgG and IgA in overweight children relate to a less favourable metabolic phenotype. Issue 3 (2nd April 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bassols, J.; Prats‐Puig, A.; Gispert‐Saüch, M.; Crehuet‐Almirall, M.; Carreras‐Badosa, G.; Díaz‐Roldán, F.; Montesinos‐Costa, M.; de Zegher, F.; Ibáñez, L.; López‐Bermejo, A.
• Is Part Of: Pediatric obesity. Volume 9:Issue 3(2014:Jun.)
• Page Start: 232
• Page End: 238
• Publication Date: 2013-04-02
• Subjects: Obesity in children -- Periodicals; Obesity in adolescence -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Overweight children -- Periodicals; 618.92398
• DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-6310.2013.00160.x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1747-7174

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Summary</title> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>What is already known about this subject</title> <p> <list id="ijpo160-list-0001" list-type="bullet"> <list-item> <p>The adaptive immune system has been shown to be a novel modulator of insulin resistance.</p> </list-item> <list-item> <p>Increased activation of B lymphocytes has been described in obese mice and in obese and type 2 diabetic patients.</p> </list-item> <list-item> <p>B lymphocytes promote insulin resistance by accumulating in adipose tissue and producing pathogenic antibodies.</p> </list-item> </list> </p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>What this study adds</title> <p> <list id="ijpo160-list-0002" list-type="bullet"> <list-item> <p>Increased serum concentrations of IgG and IgA were found in overweight pre‐pubertal children.</p> </list-item> <list-item> <p>Increasing concentrations of IgG and IgA were in obese, but not in lean pre‐pubertal children, associated with a less favourable metabolic phenotype, consisting of increased insulin resistance and a more adverse lipid profile.</p> </list-item> </list> </p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>The adaptive immune system has emerged as an unexpected modulator of insulin resistance. B lymphocytes accumulate in adipose tissue and produce pathogenic antibodies that cause insulin resistance.</p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>We studied whether circulating immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA and IgM) were related to metabolic risk markers in pre‐pubertal children with and without overweight.</p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Design and methods</title> <p>Subjects were 270 asymptomatic pre‐pubertal Caucasian children (145 lean, 125 overweight) recruited in a primary care setting. Assessments included serum IgG, IgA and IgM concentrations (nephelometry), insulin resistance (HOMA‐IR) and fasting lipids (triacylglycerol and high‐density lipoprotein [HDL]‐cholesterol).</p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0006" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Overweight children had higher IgG and IgA serum levels than lean children (<italic>P</italic> ≤ 0.01). Increasing serum IgG and IgA, but not IgM, were associated with a less favourable metabolic phenotype, consisting of higher HOMA‐IR and triacylglycerol and lower HDL‐cholesterol, particularly in obese children, in whom serum IgG and IgA were both independently associated with HOMA‐IR (β = 0.308, <italic>P</italic> = 0.017, <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> = 9.5% and β = 0.361, <italic>P</italic> = 0.005, <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> = 13.0%, respectively) and triacylglycerol (β = 0.343, <italic>P</italic> = 0.006, <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> = 11.1% and β = 0.354, <italic>P</italic> = 0.003, <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> = 12.2%, respectively).</p> </sec> <sec id="ijpo160-sec-0007" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Increased circulating IgG and IgA in overweight children are associated with a less favourable metabolic phenotype, particularly in obese children. These results suggest a relationship between adaptive immunity and insulin resistance in childhood obesity.</p> </sec> </abstract>