Opposing effects of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms on the risk for breast cancer in western Indian women: a pilot study. (25th October 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Joshi, N. N.; Bhat, S.; Hake, S.; Kale, M.; Kannan, S.
• Is Part Of: International journal of immunogenetics. Volume 41:Number 3(2014:Jun.)
• Page Start: 242
• Page End: 249
• Publication Date: 2013-10-25
• Subjects: Immunogenetics -- Periodicals; 571.9648
• DOI: 10.1111/iji.12098
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1744-3121

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="iji12098-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>In an earlier study, the genotypes associated with higher level of transforming growth factor‐β1 (TGF‐β1) were found to reduce the risk for breast cancer in western Indian women. This observation implied that gene polymorphisms affecting the levels of pro‐ and anti‐inflammatory cytokines may influence the risk for breast cancer in this population. Hence, we performed genotyping for three more functional single‐nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) responsible for variations in the levels of cytokines associated with inflammation. To that effect, polymorphisms in genes coding for IL‐4 (<italic>IL‐4</italic> C‐590T; rs2243250), IFN‐γ (<italic>IFN‐G</italic> A + 874T; rs2430561) and MCP‐1 (<italic>MCP‐1</italic> A‐2578G; rs1024611) were examined in premenopausal, healthy women (<italic>N</italic> = 239) and patients with breast cancer (<italic>N</italic> = 182) from western India. In carriers of the <italic>IL‐4*590T</italic> allele, a reduced risk for the disease (dominant model; OR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.37–0.98) was seen similar to that seen in <italic>TGF‐B1</italic>*<italic>10C</italic> carriers. An opposite trend was observed with respect to the alleles associated with higher expression of MCP‐1 or IFN‐γ. In individuals positive for three or more alleles associated with higher levels of either pro‐ or anti‐inflammatory cytokines, an additive effect on the modulation of risk for the disease was evident (for <italic>TGF‐B1</italic> & <italic>IL‐4</italic>, OR = 0.33, 95% CI 0.12–0.87; for <italic>IFN‐G</italic> & <italic>MCP‐1</italic>, OR = 2.29, 95% CI 0.95–5.51). In the context of contrasting observations in other populations, these results indicate a significant contribution of anti‐inflammatory genotypes in the modulation of risk for breast cancer in western Indian women.</p> </abstract>