Development of a rectal sexually transmitted infection – HIV coinfection model utilizing Chlamydia trachomatis and SHIVSF162p3. Issue 3 (25th January 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Henning, Tara; Butler, Katherine; Mitchell, James; Ellis, Shanon; Deyounks, Frank; Farshy, Carol; Phillips, Christi; Papp, John; Patton, Dorothy; Caldwell, Harlan; Sturdevant, Gail; McNicholl, Janet; Kersh, Ellen
• Is Part Of: Journal of medical primatology. Volume 43:Issue 3(2014)
• Page Start: 135
• Page End: 143
• Publication Date: 2014-01-25
• Subjects: Primates -- Periodicals; Primates -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Medicine, Experimental -- Periodicals; 616.02738
• DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12103
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0047-2565

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="jmp12103-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="jmp12103-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Rectal sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may increase HIV susceptibility in men who have sex with men (MSM), and <italic>Chlamydia trachomatis</italic> is prevalent among HIV‐positive MSM. To study STIs and HIV infection in MSM, we first evaluated whether cynomolgus macaques can sustain both <italic>C. trachomatis</italic> and SHIV<sub>SF162p3</sub> infections<sub>.</sub></p> </sec> <sec id="jmp12103-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Four SHIV<sub>SF162p3</sub>‐positive male cynomolgus macaques were used (n = 3 rectally inoculated with 10<sup>6</sup> IFU; n = 1 control). Systemic and rectal SHIV RNA levels and cytokines were measured by real‐time PCR and Luminex assays, respectively.</p> </sec> <sec id="jmp12103-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Macaques were successfully <italic>Chlamydia</italic> infected. Rectal SHIV shedding (<italic>P</italic> = 0.02 <italic>χ</italic><sup>2</sup>) and levels of G‐CSF, IL‐1ra, IL‐6, IL‐8, IFN‐γ, and TNF‐α (<italic>P ≤ </italic>0.01, Mann–Whitney) in rectal secretions increased following infection.</p> </sec> <sec id="jmp12103-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>These pilot data successfully demonstrate rectal <italic>C. trachomatis</italic>–SHIV coinfection in cynomolgus macaques and suggest the feasibility of a rectal <italic>C. trachomatis</italic> model for SHIV susceptibility and biomedical prevention studies in the context of rectal STIs.</p> </sec> </abstract>