Glutathione S‐transferase omega‐2 polymorphism Asn142Asp modifies the risk of age‐related cataract in smokers and subjects exposed to ultraviolet irradiation. (24th September 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stamenkovic, Miroslav; Radic, Tanja; Stefanovic, Ivan; Coric, Vesna; Sencanic, Ivan; Pljesa‐Ercegovac, Marija; Matic, Marija; Jaksic, Vesna; Simic, Tatjana; Savic‐Radojevic, Ana
• Is Part Of: Clinical & experimental ophthalmology. Volume 42:Number 3(2014)
• Page Start: 277
• Page End: 283
• Publication Date: 2013-09-24
• Subjects: Ophthalmology -- Periodicals; 617.7
• DOI: 10.1111/ceo.12180
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1442-6404

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="ceo12180-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Glutathione S‐transferase omega‐1 and 2 have a unique range of enzymatic activities, including the regeneration of ascorbate by their dehydroascorbate reductase activities. Because these enzymes could have a protective role from oxidative damage in the lens, the question of whether the two coding glutathione S‐transferase omega polymorphisms confer the risk of age‐related cataract was addressed.</p> </sec> <sec id="ceo12180-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>rs4925 (<italic>Ala140Asp</italic>) of glutathione S‐transferase omega‐1 and rs156697 (<italic>Asn142Asp</italic>) of glutathione S‐transferase omega‐2 polymorphisms in 100 patients with age‐related cataract and 130 controls were assessed.</p> </sec> <sec id="ceo12180-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Presence of one mutant <italic>GSTO1</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> or <italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> allele did not contribute independently towards the risk of cataract; however, homozygous carriers of <italic>GSTO1</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic><italic>/</italic><italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> haplotype demonstrated 3.42‐fold enhanced risk of cataract development (95% confidence interval = 0.84–13.93; <italic>P</italic> = 0.086). When GSTO genotype was analysed in association with smoking or professional exposure to ultraviolet irradiation, carriers of at least one mutant <italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> allele had increased risk of cataract development in comparison with individuals with wild‐type <italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asn</italic><italic>/</italic><italic>Asn</italic> with no history of smoking or ultraviolet exposure (odds ratio = 6.89, 95% confidence interval = 1.81–16.21, <italic>P</italic> = 0.005; odds ratio = 4.10, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–13.74, <italic>P</italic> = 0.022, respectively). Regarding the distribution of particular glutathione S‐transferase omega genotype and cataract type, the highest frequency of mutant <italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> allele was found in patients with nuclear cataract.</p> </sec> <sec id="ceo12180-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>The results indicate that mutant <italic>GSTO2</italic><italic>*</italic><italic>Asp</italic> genotype is associated with increased risk of age‐related cataract in smokers and ultraviolet‐exposed subjects, suggesting a role of inefficient ascorbate regeneration in cataract development.</p> </sec> </abstract>