Increased parental history of bipolar disorder in the United States: association with early age of onset. (19th October 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Post, R. M.; Leverich, G. S.; Kupka, R.; Keck, P.; McElroy, S.; Altshuler, L.; Frye, M. A.; Luckenbaugh, D. A.; Rowe, M.; Grunze, H.; Suppes, T.; Nolen, W. A.
• Is Part Of: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica. Volume 129:Number 5(2014:May)
• Page Start: 375
• Page End: 382
• Publication Date: 2013-10-19
• Subjects: Psychiatry -- Periodicals; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1111/acps.12208
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0001-690X

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="acps12208-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="acps12208-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>Early‐onset bipolar (BP) disorder and other poor prognosis characteristics are more prevalent in patients from the United States than from the Netherlands and Germany (abbreviated as Europe). We explored the impact of parental loading for affective illness on onset and other characteristics of BP disorder.</p> </sec> <sec id="acps12208-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Method</title> <p>Parental history for unipolar (UP) and bipolar (BP) depression and course of illness characteristics were obtained from self‐report in adults (average age 42) with BP disorder. Illness characteristics were examined by χ<sup>2</sup> and multinomial logistic regression in relationship to the degree of parental loading: i) both parents negative; ii) one UP disorder; iii) one with BP disorder; and iv) both affected.</p> </sec> <sec id="acps12208-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>After controlling for many poor prognosis factors, compared with those from Europe, patients from the United States had more iii) one parent with BP disorder and iv) both parents affected. An early age of onset of BP disorder was independently associated with this increased parental loading for affective disorder.</p> </sec> <sec id="acps12208-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Parental history of BP disorder and both parents with a mood disorder were more common in the United States than Europe and were associated with an early onset of bipolar disorder and other poor prognosis characteristics. These findings deserve replication and exploration of the potential mechanisms involved and their therapeutic implications.</p> </sec> </abstract>