Identifying Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder at 18 Months in a General Population Sample. Issue 3 (18th February 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stenberg, Nina; Bresnahan, Michaeline; Gunnes, Nina; Hirtz, Deborah; Hornig, Mady; Lie, Kari Kveim; Lipkin, W. Ian; Lord, Catherine; Magnus, Per; Reichborn‐Kjennerud, Ted; Schjølberg, Synnve; Surén, Pål; Susser, Ezra; Svendsen, Britt Kveim; von, Stephen; Øyen, Anne‐Siri; Stoltenberg, Camilla
• Is Part Of: Paediatric and perinatal epidemiology. Volume 28:Issue 3(2014)
• Page Start: 255
• Page End: 262
• Publication Date: 2014-02-18
• Subjects: Pediatrics -- Periodicals; Perinatology -- Periodicals; Pediatric epidemiology -- Periodicals; Infants (Newborn) -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 618.92
• DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12114
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-5022

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="ppe12114-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Previous research on clinical and high‐risk samples suggests that signs of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) can be detected between 1 and 2 years of age. We investigated signs of ASD at 18 months in a population‐based sample and the association with later ASD diagnosis.</p> </sec> <sec id="ppe12114-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>The study sample includes 52 026 children born 2003 through 2008 and is a subset of children that participated in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort (MoBa), a population‐based longitudinal study, and the Autism Birth Cohort (ABC), a sub‐study on ASD. Parents completed all 23 items from the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M‐CHAT) at 18 months.</p> </sec> <sec id="ppe12114-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>The M‐CHAT 6‐critical‐item criterion and the 23‐item criterion had a specificity of 97.9% and 92.7% and a sensitivity of 20.8% and 34.1%, respectively. In the 173 children diagnosed with ASD to date, 60 children (34.7%) scored above the cut‐off on either of the screening criteria. The items with the highest likelihood ratios were 'interest in other children', 'show objects to others' and 'response to name'.</p> </sec> <sec id="ppe12114-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Even though one‐third of the children who later received an ASD diagnosis were identified through M‐CHAT items, the majority scored below cut‐off on the screening criteria at 18 months. The results imply that it might not be possible to detect all children with ASD at this age.</p> </sec> </abstract>