Extensive Ace2 duplication and multiple mutations on Ace1 and Ace2 are related with high level of organophosphates resistance in Aphis gossypii. Issue 5 (4th April 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Shang, Qingli; Pan, Yiou; Fang, Kui; Xi, Jinghui; Wong, Andrew; Brennan, James Andrew; Cao, Chuanwang
• Is Part Of: Environmental toxicology. Volume 29:Issue 5(2014:May)
• Page Start: 526
• Page End: 533
• Publication Date: 2012-04-04
• Subjects: Water quality bioassay -- Periodicals; Water -- Pollution -- Toxicology -- Periodicals; Microbiological assay -- Periodicals; Toxicity testing -- Periodicals; Environmental toxicology -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollution -- Periodicals; Environmental Pollutants -- Periodicals; Environmental Monitoring -- Periodicals; Écotoxicologie -- Périodiques; Pollution -- Périodiques; 615.902
• DOI: 10.1002/tox.21778
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1520-4081

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p> <italic>Aphis gossypii</italic> (Glover) has been found to possess multiple mutations in the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) gene (<italic>Ace</italic>) that might involve target site insensitivity. <italic>In vitro</italic> functional expression of AChEs reveals that the resistant Ace1 (Ace1R) and Ace2 (Ace2R) were significantly less inhibited by eserine, omethoate, and malaoxon than the susceptible Ace1 (Ace1S) and Ace2 (Ace2S). Furthermore, in both the mutant and susceptible AChEs, Ace2 was significantly less sensitive to eserine, omethoate, and malaoxon than Ace1. These results suggested that both the mutant Ace1 and Ace2 were responsible for omethoate resistance, while the mutant Ace2 played a major role in insecticide resistance. The DNA copy number and transcription level of <italic>Ace2</italic> were 1.52‐ and 1.88‐fold higher in the ORR strain than in the OSS strain. Furthermore, the DNA copy number and transcription level of <italic>Ace2</italic> were significantly higher than that of <italic>Ace1</italic> in either OSS or ORR strains, demonstrating the involvement of <italic>Ace2</italic> gene duplication in resistance. Thus, the authors conclude that omethoate resistance in cotton aphids appears to have evolved through a combination of multiple mutations and extensive <italic>Ace2R</italic> gene duplication. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 29: 526–533, 2014.</p> </abstract>