Comparison of the clinical effectiveness of zanamivir and laninamivir octanoate for children with influenza A(H3N2) and B in the 2011–2012 season. Issue 2 (19th August 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Koseki, Naoko; Kaiho, Miki; Kikuta, Hideaki; Oba, Koji; Togashi, Takehiro; Ariga, Tadashi; Ishiguro, Nobuhisa
• Is Part Of: Influenza and other respiratory viruses. Volume 8:Issue 2(2014:Mar.)
• Page Start: 151
• Page End: 158
• Publication Date: 2013-08-19
• Subjects: Influenza -- Periodicals; Respiratory infections -- Periodicals; Virus diseases -- Periodicals; Influenza, Human -- Periodicals; Respiratory Tract Diseases -- Periodicals; Virus Diseases -- Periodicals; Grippe -- Périodiques; Appareil respiratoire -- Infections -- Périodiques; Maladies à virus -- Périodiques; 616.203
• DOI: 10.1111/irv.12147
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1750-2640

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="irv12147-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the two inhaled neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs), zanamivir (ZN) and laninamivir octate (LO), for influenza A(H3N2) and B virus infections.</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Design</title> <p>A prospective, multicenter observational study was conducted from January to April in 2012.</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Setting</title> <p>Outpatients aged 5–18 years who had a temperature of 37.5°C or higher and were diagnosed as having influenza based on an immunochromatographic assay were enrolled.</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Sample</title> <p>A total of 338 patients treated with ZN and 314 patients treated with LO were compared.</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Main outcome measures</title> <p>The duration of fever after administration of the first dose of each NAI was evaluated as a primary endpoint. The secondary endpoint was episodes of biphasic fever.</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0006" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>No statistically significant difference in the duration of fever was found between the ZN and LO groups (log‐rank test, <italic>P</italic> = 0.117). A logistic regression model showed that episodes of biphasic fever increased by 1.19 times for every decrease of 1 year of age (<italic>P</italic> = 0.016) and that the number of biphasic fever episodes in patients treated with LO was 5.80‐times greater than that in patients treated with ZN (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001).</p> </sec> <sec id="irv12147-sec-0007" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Although the duration of fever in the LO group was comparable to that in the ZN group, episodes of biphasic fever were more frequent in younger children and in the LO group than in the ZN group.</p> </sec> </abstract>