Graphitic Petal Electrodes for All‐Solid‐State Flexible Supercapacitors. Issue 3 (23rd September 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Xiong, Guoping; Meng, Chuizhou; Reifenberger, Ronald G.; Irazoqui, Pedro P.; Fisher, Timothy S.
• Is Part Of: Advanced energy materials. Volume 4:Issue 3(2014:Mar.)
• Page Start: n/a
• Page End: n/a
• Publication Date: 2013-09-23
• Subjects: Energy harvesting -- Materials -- Periodicals; Energy conversion -- Materials -- Periodicals; Energy storage -- Materials -- Periodicals; Photovoltaics -- Periodicals; Fuel cells -- Periodicals; Thermoelectric materials -- Periodicals; 621.31
• DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201300515
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1614-6832

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" xml:lang="en"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>The charge storage characteristics of a composite nanoarchitecture with a highly functional 3D morphology are reported. The electrodes are formed by the electropolymerization of aniline monomers into a nanometer‐thick polyaniline (PANI) film that conformally coats graphitic petals (GPs) grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) on conductive carbon cloth (CC). The hybrid CC/GPs/PANI electrodes yield results near the theoretical maximum capacitance for PANI of 2000 F g<sup>−1</sup> (based on PANI mass) and a large area‐normalized specific capacitance of ≈2.6 F cm<sup>−2</sup> (equivalent to a volumetric capacitance of ≈230 F cm<sup>−3</sup>) at a low current density of 1 A g<sup>−1</sup> (based on PANI mass). The specific capacitances remain above 1200 F g<sup>−1</sup> (based on PANI mass) for currents up to 100 A g<sup>−1</sup> with correspondingly high area‐normalized values. The hybrid electrodes also exhibit a high rate capability with an energy density of 110 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> and a maximum power density of 265 kW kg<sup>−1</sup> at a current density of 100 A g<sup>−1</sup>. Long‐term cyclic stability is good (≈7% loss of initial capacitance after 2000 cycles), with coulombic efficiencies >99%. Moreover, prototype all‐solid‐state flexible supercapacitors fabricated from these hybrid electrodes exhibit excellent energy storage performance.</p> </abstract>