The effects of dietary weight loss on indices of norepinephrine turnover: Modulatory influence of hyperinsulinemia. (6th December 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Straznicky, Nora E.; Lambert, Elisabeth A.; Grima, Mariee T.; Eikelis, Nina; Richards, Katrina; Nestel, Paul J.; Dawood, Tye; Masuo, Kazuko; Sari, Carolina I.; Dixon, John B.; Esler, Murray D.; Paul, Eldho; Schlaich, Markus P.; Lambert, Gavin W.
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 22:Number 3(2014:Mar.)
• Page Start: 652
• Page End: 662
• Publication Date: 2013-12-06
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.20614
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="oby20614-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>This study was conducted to examine 1) the effects of dietary weight loss on indices of norepinephrine (NE) turnover and 2) whether baseline hyperinsulinemia modulates sympathetic neural adaptations.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20614-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Obese individuals aged 56 ± 1 year, BMI 32.5 ± 0.4 kg/m<sup>2</sup>, with metabolic syndrome, underwent a 12‐week hypocaloric diet (HCD, <italic>n</italic> = 39) or no treatment (<italic>n</italic> = 26). Neurochemical measurements comprised arterial dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), 3, 4‐dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), and NE concentrations, the steady‐state ratio of [<sup>3</sup>H]‐DHPG to [<sup>3</sup>H]‐NE, as an index of neuronal uptake, and calculated whole‐body plasma NE clearance and spillover rates.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20614-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Body weight decreased by −7.4 ± 0.5% in HCD group (<italic>P</italic> < 0.001) and was accompanied by reductions in DOPA, NE, and DHPG averaging −14 ± 5% (<italic>P</italic> = 0.001), −23 ± 4% (<italic>P</italic> <0.001), and −5 ± 4% (<italic>P</italic> = 0.03), respectively. NE spillover rate decreased by −88 ± 39 ng/min (<italic>P</italic> = 0.01), whereas neuronal uptake and NE plasma clearance were unchanged. Despite similar weight loss, hyperinsulinemic subjects exhibited greater reductions in NE and NE spillover rate, compared to normoinsulinemic subjects (group by time interaction <italic>P</italic> < 0.05).</p> </sec> <sec id="oby20614-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Weight loss is associated with down‐regulation of sympathetic nervous activity but no overall alteration in disposition indices. Hyperinsulinemic subjects derive a greater sympathoinhibitory benefit during weight loss.</p> </sec> </abstract>