The effect of carbohydrate restriction on prostate cancer tumor growth in a castrate mouse xenograft model. Issue 5 (4th October 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Caso, Jorge; Masko, Elizabeth M.; II, Jean A. Thomas; Poulton, Susan H.; Dewhirst, Mark; Pizzo, Salvatore V.; Freedland, Stephen J.
• Is Part Of: Prostate. Volume 73:Issue 5(2013)
• Page Start: 449
• Page End: 454
• Publication Date: 2012-10-04
• Subjects: Prostate -- Diseases -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1002/pros.22586
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0270-4137

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" xml:lang="en"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="abs1-1" sec-type="section"> <title>BACKGROUND</title> <p>No‐ and low‐carbohydrate diets delay tumor growth compared to western diet (WD) in prostate cancer (PCa) xenograft studies. The effect of these diets in concert with androgen deprivation is unknown.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs1-2" sec-type="section"> <title>METHODS</title> <p>A total of 160 male SCID mice were injected with 1× 10<sup>5</sup> LAPC‐4 human PCa cells. Of these, 150 mice were castrated and randomized to an ad libitum WD or fed via a paired‐feeding protocol with a no‐carbohydrate ketogenic diet (NCKD), 10% carbohydrate diet, or 20% carbohydrate diet. The remaining 10 mice were not castrated and were fed an ad libitum WD. The mice were sacrificed once volumes reached 1, 000 mm<sup>3</sup> and survival tested using the log‐rank test. Serum from the median surviving 8 mice/group was assayed for insulin, IGF‐1, and IGFBP‐3.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs1-3" sec-type="section"> <title>RESULTS</title> <p>Body weights were roughly equal among groups. The 10 non‐castrated mice experienced accelerated tumor growth. Among castrated mice, WD had the most rapid tumor growth; 20% carbohydrate diet the slowest (<italic>P</italic> = 0.046). Survival was not significantly different among the various carbohydrate restricted groups (<italic>P</italic> = 0.51). When pooled, there was a non‐significant trend (<italic>P</italic> = 0.11) in improved survival among the carbohydrate restricted diets versus WD. No significant difference in serum insulin, IGF‐1, and IGFBP‐3 levels was noted among all groups at pre‐randomization or at sacrifice. </p> </sec> <sec id="abs1-4" sec-type="section"> <title>CONCLUSIONS</title> <p>A 20% carbohydrate diet slowed tumor growth versus a WD. Though the benefit of carbohydrate restriction was somewhat less than in prior studies in non‐castrate mice, these data still suggest diets achievable in humans may play a role in PCa management. Prostate 73: 449–454, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </sec> </abstract>