Clinical characteristics and outcomes of chédiak–Higashi syndrome: A nationwide survey of Japan. Issue 10 (27th June 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Nagai, Kozo; Ochi, Fumihiro; Terui, Kiminori; Maeda, Miho; Ohga, Shouichi; Kanegane, Hirokazu; Kitoh, Toshiyuki; Kogawa, Kazuhiro; Suzuki, Nobuhiro; Ohta, Shigeru; Ishida, Yasushi; Okamura, Takayuki; Wakiguchi, Hiroshi; Yasukawa, Masaki; Ishii, Eiichi
• Is Part Of: Pediatric blood & cancer. Volume 60:Issue 10(2013:Oct.)
• Page Start: 1582
• Page End: 1586
• Publication Date: 2013-06-27
• Subjects: Tumors in children -- Periodicals; Blood -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Cancer in children -- Periodicals; 618.92
• DOI: 10.1002/pbc.24637
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1545-5009

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" xml:lang="en"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="pbc24637-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Chédiak–Higashi syndrome (CHS) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by immunodeficiency, neurological dysfunction, and oculocutaneous albinism. Recently, several clinical CHS phenotypes have been reported. Here, we report results of a nationwide survey performed to clarify clinical characteristics and outcomes of CHS patients in Japan.</p> </sec> <sec id="pbc24637-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Questionnaires were sent to 287 institutions to collect data regarding CHS patients diagnosed between 2000 and 2010, including results of lysosomal trafficking regulator (<italic>LYST</italic>) gene analysis. Cytotoxicity and degranulation activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes were analyzed in available patient samples.</p> </sec> <sec id="pbc24637-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>A total of 15 patients diagnosed with CHS were eligible for enrollment in this study. Of these, 10 (67%) had recurrent bacterial infections, five (33%) developed life‐threatening hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), and one patient had complicated malignant lymphoma. Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) was performed for six patients including three with HLH, and 10 of the enrolled patients have survived at the time of this writing. <italic>LYST</italic> analysis was performed for 10 patients; seven different mutations were detected in seven patients, whereas no mutation was identified in three patients. Cytotoxicity and degranulation activity were impaired in patients with and without <italic>LYST</italic> mutation.</p> </sec> <sec id="pbc24637-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Discussion</title> <p>Results of this survey indicate that one or two patients with CHS were newly diagnosed each year in Japan. The incidence of HLH was not as high as expected. Mutations of genes other than <italic>LYST</italic> were suspected in some cases. We conclude that determining indication for HSCT for CHS patients should be based on genetic and cytotoxic analysis. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2013;60:1582–1586. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </sec> </abstract>