Aerobic capacity in speed‐power athletes aged 20–90 years vs endurance runners and untrained participants. Issue 1 (27th June 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kusy, K.; Zieliński, J.
• Is Part Of: Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports. Volume 24:Issue 1(2014)
• Page Start: 68
• Page End: 79
• Publication Date: 2012-06-27
• Subjects: Sports medicine -- Periodicals; Sports -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- Periodicals; 617.1027
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01496.x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0905-7188

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>We studied relationships between age and aerobic capacity in three groups of subjects adhering to different exercise modalities. A total of 203 men aged 20–90 years were examined: 52 speed‐power track and field athletes (SP), 89 endurance runners (ER) and 62 untrained individuals (UT). Maximal exercise characteristics were obtained during a graded treadmill test until exhaustion: oxygen uptake (<alternatives><inline-graphic mimetype="image" xlink:href="ark:/27927/pgg40d0gp6r" xlink:type="simple" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /><mml:math altimg="urn:x-wiley:09057188:media:sms1496:sms1496-math-5001" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">V</mml:mi><mml:mo>˙</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">m</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">⁢</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">a</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></alternatives>), heart rate (HR<sub>max</sub>), oxygen pulse (O<sub>2</sub> Pulse<sub>max</sub>) and maximal distance (Dist<sub>max</sub>). Information about training history and weekly training amount was collected. A linear model of regression was adopted. <alternatives><inline-graphic mimetype="image" xlink:href="ark:/27927/pgg40d0gp8v" xlink:type="simple" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /><mml:math altimg="urn:x-wiley:09057188:media:sms1496:sms1496-math-5002" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">V</mml:mi><mml:mo>˙</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">m</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">⁢</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">a</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></alternatives> in SP was lower than in ER, but significantly higher than in UT. The cross‐sectional rates of decline in body mass‐adjusted <alternatives><inline-graphic mimetype="image" xlink:href="ark:/27927/pgg40d0gp33" xlink:type="simple" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /><mml:math altimg="urn:x-wiley:09057188:media:sms1496:sms1496-math-5003" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">V</mml:mi><mml:mo>˙</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">m</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">⁢</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">a</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></alternatives> and Dist<sub>max</sub> were significantly smaller in SP than in ER and UT. About 80 years of age, the levels of <alternatives><inline-graphic mimetype="image" xlink:href="ark:/27927/pgg40d0gp4n" xlink:type="simple" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /><mml:math altimg="urn:x-wiley:09057188:media:sms1496:sms1496-math-5004" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">V</mml:mi><mml:mo>˙</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">m</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">⁢</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">a</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></alternatives> and Dist<sub>max</sub> reached similar values in SP and ER. The decline in HR<sub>max</sub>, but not in O<sub>2</sub> Pulse<sub>max</sub> was suggested as a cardiac adaptation accounting for between‐group differences in <alternatives><inline-graphic mimetype="image" xlink:href="ark:/27927/pgg40d0gpkt" xlink:type="simple" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" /><mml:math altimg="urn:x-wiley:09057188:media:sms1496:sms1496-math-5005" display="inline" overflow="scroll" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mml:mrow><mml:mover accent="true"><mml:mi mathvariant="bold-italic">V</mml:mi><mml:mo>˙</mml:mo></mml:mover><mml:msub><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">O</mml:mi><mml:mrow><mml:mn mathvariant="bold">2</mml:mn><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">m</mml:mi><mml:mo mathvariant="bold">⁢</mml:mo><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">a</mml:mi><mml:mi mathvariant="bold">x</mml:mi></mml:mrow></mml:msub></mml:mrow></mml:math></alternatives> loss. Weekly training volume was a significant positive predictor of age‐related changes in aerobic capacity. In conclusion, not only endurance, but also speed‐power exercise appears adequate to ensure an elevated aerobic capacity at old age.</p> </abstract>