The effect of load on heat production, thermal effects and expenditure of time during implant site preparation – an experimental ex vivo comparison between piezosurgery and conventional drilling. Issue 2 (27th November 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Stelzle, Florian; Frenkel, Carsten; Riemann, Max; Knipfer, Christian; Stockmann, Philipp; Nkenke, Emeka
• Is Part Of: Clinical oral implants research. Volume 25:Issue 2(2014:Feb.)
• Page Start: e140
• Page End: e148
• Publication Date: 2012-11-27
• Subjects: Dental implants -- Research -- Periodicals; 617.69
• DOI: 10.1111/clr.12077
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0905-7161

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="clr12077-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="clr12077-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>Piezoelectric surgery (PS) is meant to be a gentle osteotomy method. The aim of this study was to compare piezosurgical vs. conventional drilling methods for implant site preparation (ISP) – focusing on load‐dependent thermal effect on hard tissue and the expenditure of ISP time.</p> </sec> <sec id="clr12077-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Materials and methods</title> <p>Three hundred and sixty ISP were performed on <italic>ex vivo</italic> pig heads using piezosurgery, spiral burs (SB) and trephine burs (TB). The load applied was increased from 0 to 1000 g in 100‐g intervals. Temperature within the bone was measured with a thermocouple, and duration was recorded with a stop watch. Thermal effects were histomorphometrically analysed. Twelve ISPs per technique were performed at the lateral wall of the maxillary sinus.</p> </sec> <sec id="clr12077-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>PS yields the highest mean temperatures (48.6 ± 3.4°C) and thermal effects (200.7 ± 44.4 μm), both at 900–1000 g. Duration is reduced with a plus of load and significantly longer in either case for PS (<italic>P </italic>< 0.05). There is a correlation of the applied load with all other examined factors for PS and TB. Temperature and histological effects decrease for SB beyond 500 g.</p> </sec> <sec id="clr12077-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>PS yields significantly higher temperatures and thermal tissue alterations on load levels higher than 500 g and is significantly slower for ISP compared to SB and TB. For ISP with PS, a maximum load of 400 g should be maintained.</p> </sec> </abstract>