Mechanisms of genotoxicity. A review of in vitro and in vivo studies with engineered nanoparticles. Issue 3 (May 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Magdolenova, Zuzana; Collins, Andrew; Kumar, Ashutosh; Dhawan, Alok; Stone, Vicki; Dusinska, Maria
• Is Part Of: Nanotoxicology. Volume 8:Issue 3(2014:May)
• Page Start: 233
• Page End: 278
• Publication Date: 2014-05
• Subjects: Toxicology -- Periodicals; 615.9
• DOI: 10.3109/17435390.2013.773464
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1743-5390

Abstract

<abstract> <title>Abstract</title> <p>Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in different technologies but their unique properties might also cause adverse health effects. In reviewing recent <italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic> genotoxicity studies we discuss potential mechanisms of genotoxicity induced by NPs. Various factors that may influence genotoxic response, including physico-chemical properties and experimental conditions, are highlighted. From 4346 articles on NP toxicity, 112 describe genotoxicity studies (94 <italic>in vitro, </italic> 22 <italic>in vivo</italic>). The most used assays are the comet assay (58 <italic>in vitro, </italic> 9 <italic>in vivo</italic>), the micronucleus assay (31 <italic>in vitro, </italic> 14 <italic>in vivo</italic>), the chromosome aberrations test (10 <italic>in vitro, </italic> 1 <italic>in vivo</italic>) and the bacterial reverse mutation assay (13 studies). We describe advantages and potential problems with different methods and suggest the need for appropriate methodologies to be used for investigation of genotoxic effects of NPs, <italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo.</italic></p> </abstract>