Prevalence and clustering of soil‐transmitted helminth infections in a tribal area in southern India. Issue 12 (15th November 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kaliappan, Saravanakumar Puthupalayam; George, Santosh; Francis, Mark Rohit; Kattula, Deepthi; Sarkar, Rajiv; Minz, Shantidani; Mohan, Venkata Raghava; George, Kuryan; Roy, Sheela; Ajjampur, Sitara Swarna Rao; Muliyil, Jayaprakash; Kang, Gagandeep
• Is Part Of: Tropical medicine & international health. Volume 18:Issue 12(2013:Dec.)
• Page Start: 1452
• Page End: 1462
• Publication Date: 2013-11-15
• Subjects: Tropical medicine -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; 616.988
• DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12205
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1360-2276

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="tmi12205-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="tmi12205-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To estimate the prevalence, spatial patterns and clustering in the distribution of soil‐transmitted helminth (STH) infections, and factors associated with hookworm infections in a tribal population in Tamil Nadu, India.</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12205-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Cross‐sectional study with one‐stage cluster sampling of 22 clusters. Demographic and risk factor data and stool samples for microscopic ova/cysts examination were collected from 1237 participants. Geographical information systems mapping assessed spatial patterns of infection.</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12205-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>The overall prevalence of STH was 39% (95% CI 36%–42%), with hookworm 38% (95% CI 35–41%) and <italic>Ascaris lumbricoides</italic> 1.5% (95% CI 0.8–2.2%). No <italic>Trichuris trichiura</italic> infection was detected. People involved in farming had higher odds of hookworm infection (1.68, 95% CI 1.31–2.17, <italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001). In the multiple logistic regression, adults (2.31, 95% CI 1.80–2.96, <italic>P </italic><<italic> </italic>0.001), people with pet cats (1.55, 95% CI 1.10–2.18, <italic>P </italic>=<italic> </italic>0.011) and people who did not wash their hands with soap after defecation (1.84, 95% CI 1.27–2.67, <italic>P </italic>=<italic> </italic>0.001) had higher odds of hookworm infection, but gender and poor usage of foot wear did not significantly increase risk. Cluster analysis, based on design effect calculation, did not show any clustering of cases among the study population; however, spatial scan statistic detected a significant cluster for hookworm infections in one village.</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12205-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Multiple approaches including health education, improving the existing sanitary practices and regular preventive chemotherapy are needed to control the burden of STH in similar endemic areas.</p> </sec> </abstract>