Predicting Sirex noctilio and S. nigricornis emergence using degree days. Issue 2 (23rd September 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Haavik, Laurel J.; Meeker, James R.; Johnson, Wood; Ryan, Kathleen; Turgeon, Jean J.; Allison, Jeremy D.
• Is Part Of: Entomologia experimentalis et applicata. Volume 149:Issue 2(2013:Nov.)
• Page Start: 177
• Page End: 184
• Publication Date: 2013-09-23
• Subjects: Entomology -- Periodicals; 595.7
• DOI: 10.1111/eea.12119
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0013-8703

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="eea12119-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>The study of temporal interactions between native insects and alien invaders can be facilitated by the ability to forecast adult emergence. We used field‐collected adult emergence data of <italic>Sirex noctilio </italic>Fabricius (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), a woodwasp native of Eurasia that has recently invaded northeastern North America, and <italic>Sirex nigricornis </italic>Fabricius, a woodwasp native to North America, to develop and test cumulative degree‐day (CDD) models. Five data sets were collected each in Ontario, Canada (<italic>S. noctilio</italic>) and Louisiana, USA (<italic>S. nigricornis</italic>) over 4 years; three data sets were used to develop models and two were used to test them. Males and females of each species were modelled separately. After testing several potential temperatures, chosen thresholds for CDD were 0 °C lower threshold and 25 °C upper threshold for both <italic>Sirex</italic> spp. We used a three‐parameter Gompertz growth function to model <italic>Sirex</italic> spp. emergence against CDD. Models predicted 10% emergence of <italic>S. noctilio</italic> in Ontario after 1 239 and 1 280 CDD, for males (start date = 1 April; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.91) and females (start date = 1 April; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.86), respectively. Models predicted 10% emergence of <italic>S. nigricornis</italic> in Louisiana after 3 980 and 5 016 CDD, for males (start date = 1 May; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.83) and females (start date = 1 March; R<sup>2</sup> = 0.73), respectively. Cumulative degree‐day models predicted 10 and 90% emergence of woodwasp populations with less error (1–13%) than they did 50% emergence (5–27%). For both <italic>Sirex</italic> spp., male emergence began a few days before and concluded at about the same time as that of females. In southern Ontario, models predict that <italic>S. noctilio</italic> adults will be in flight between 1 015 and 2 430 CDD (1 April start date for CDD; from early‐July until mid‐September). In Louisiana, models predict that <italic>S. nigricornis</italic> adults will be in flight between 3 854 and 4 700 CDD (1 May start date for CDD; from early‐October until late‐November).</p> </abstract>