Extraplastidial cytidinediphosphate diacylglycerol synthase activity is required for vegetative development in Arabidopsis thaliana. (21st June 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhou, Yonghong; Peisker, Helga; Weth, Agnes; Baumgartner, Werner; Dörmann, Peter; Frentzen, Margrit
• Is Part Of: Plant journal. Volume 75:Number 5(2013:Sep.)
• Page Start: 867
• Page End: 879
• Publication Date: 2013-06-21
• Subjects: Plant molecular biology -- Periodicals; Plant cells and tissues -- Periodicals; Botany -- Periodicals; 580
• DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12248
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0960-7412

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="tpj12248-abs-0001"> <title>Summary</title> <p>Cytidinediphosphate diacylglycerol synthase (CDS) catalyzes the activation of phosphatidic acid to cytidinediphosphate (CDP)‐diacylglycerol, a central intermediate in glycerolipid biosynthesis in prokaryotic and eukaryotic organisms. Cytidinediphosphate‐diacylglycerol is the precursor to phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylglycerol (PG) and cardiolipin of eukaryotic phospholipids that are essential for various cellular functions. Isoforms of CDS are located in plastids, mitochondria and the endomembrane system of plants and are encoded by five genes in Arabidopsis. Two genes have previously been shown to code for the plastidial isoforms which are indispensable for the biosynthesis of plastidial PG, and thus biogenesis and function of thylakoid membranes. Here we have focused on the extraplastidial CDS isoforms, encoded by <italic>CDS1</italic> and <italic>CDS2</italic> which are constitutively expressed contrary to <italic>CDS3</italic>. We provide evidence that these closely related <italic>CDS</italic> genes code for membrane proteins located in the endoplasmic reticulum and possess very similar enzymatic properties. Development and analysis of Arabidopsis mutants lacking either one or both <italic>CDS1</italic> and <italic>CDS2</italic> genes clearly shows that these two genes have redundant functions. As reflected in the seedling lethal phenotype of the <italic>cds1cds2</italic> double mutant, plant cells require at least one catalytically active microsomal CDS isoform for cell division and expansion. According to the altered glycerolipid composition of the double mutant in comparison with wild‐type seedlings, it is likely that the drastic decrease in the level of phosphatidylinositol and the increase in phosphatidic acid cause defects in cell division and expansion.</p> </abstract>