Comparative evaluation of antimicrobial efficacy of Syzygium aromaticum, Ocimum sanctum and Cinnamomum zeylanicum plant extracts against Enterococcus faecalis: a preliminary study. (18th March 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Gupta, A.; Duhan, J.; Tewari, S.; Sangwan, P.; Yadav, A.; Singh, G.; Juneja, R.; Saini, H.
• Is Part Of: International endontic journal. Volume 46:Number 8(2013:Aug.)
• Page Start: 775
• Page End: 783
• Publication Date: 2013-03-18
• Subjects: Endodontics -- Periodicals; 617.6342
• DOI: 10.1111/iej.12058
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0143-2885

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="iej12058-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="iej12058-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>To evaluate the antimicrobial efficacy of <italic>Ocimum sanctum</italic>, <italic> Cinnamomum zeylanicum</italic>, <italic> Syzygium aromaticum</italic> and 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) against <italic>Enterococcus faecalis</italic> in planktonic suspension and biofilm phenotypes.</p> </sec> <sec id="iej12058-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methodology</title> <p>The antibacterial efficacy of different concentrations of aqueous ethanolic extracts of <italic>O. sanctum</italic>, <italic> C. zeylanicum</italic> and <italic>S. aromaticum</italic> against <italic>E. faecalis</italic> at various time intervals was assessed using the agar well diffusion test, microdilution test and biofilm susceptibility assay (BSA) on cellulose nitrate membrane as well as in a tooth model. NaOCl was used as the positive control. Distilled water was used as negative control for agar diffusion and microdilution tests and phosphate‐buffered saline for the BSA. The results of the agar diffusion test were analysed statistically using <sc>anova</sc> and Tukey's tests.</p> </sec> <sec id="iej12058-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p> <italic>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</italic>, <italic> S. aromaticum</italic> and <italic>O. sanctum</italic> exhibited minimum bactericidal concentration at 10%, 10% and 40%, respectively. <italic>Cinnamomum zeylanicum</italic>, <italic> S. aromaticum</italic>, <italic> O. sanctum</italic> and NaOCl showed complete bacterial inhibition in planktonic form after exposure of 30, 15, 35 and 1 min, respectively. In BSA on cellulose nitrate membrane, NaOCl was associated with complete bacterial inhibition after contact of 2 min, whilst 10% <italic>C. zeylanicum, </italic> 10% <italic>S. aromaticum</italic> and 40% <italic>O. sanctum</italic> showed cessation of growth after 12, 12 and 24 h, respectively. The results of BSA on tooth model were similar except for <italic>O. sanctum</italic>, which was not included in the model.</p> </sec> <sec id="iej12058-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p> <italic>Cinnamomum zeylanicum, S. aromaticum</italic> and <italic>O. sanctum</italic> demonstrated antimicrobial activity against planktonic and biofilm forms of <italic>E. faecalis</italic> with <italic>C. zeylanicum and S. aromaticum</italic> having better antimicrobial efficacy than <italic>O. sanctum</italic>. NaOCl had superior antimicrobial efficacy amongst all the groups.</p> </sec> </abstract>