Effects of Dexamethasone‐21‐Isonicotinate on Peripheral Insulin Action in Dairy Cows 5 days after Surgical Correction of Abomasal Displacement. (29th November 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kusenda, M.; Kaske, M.; Piechotta, M.; Locher, L.; Starke, A.; Huber, K.; Rehage, J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of veterinary internal medicine. Volume 27:Number 1(2013:Jan./Feb.)
• Page Start: 200
• Page End: 206
• Publication Date: 2012-11-29
• Subjects: Veterinary medicine -- Periodicals; 636.0896
• DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12010
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0891-6640

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="jvim12010-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Dexamethasone frequently is used for treatment of ketosis in dairy cows, but its effects are not fully understood.</p> </sec> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Hypothesis</title> <p>Dexamethasone treatment affects whole body insulin sensitivity.</p> </sec> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Animals</title> <p>Twelve German Holstein cows, 2–4 weeks postpartum, 5 days after omentopexy to correct left abomasal displacement.</p> </sec> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Randomized, blinded, case‐control study. Treatment with dexamethasone‐21‐isonicotinate (DG; 40 μg/kg IM; n = 6) or saline (control group [CG], 15 mL IM, n = 6) on day 0 (d0). Blood samples were obtained before (d0) and after treatment (d1 and d2), and analyzed for glucose, insulin, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) concentrations. Hepatic triglycerides (TAG) were measured in liver samples taken on d0 and d2. Five consecutive hyperinsulinemic‐euglycemic clamps (HEC‐I‐V; insulin dosages: 0.1, 0.5, 2, 5, 10 mU/kg/min, respectively) were performed on d1 and steady state glucose infusion rate (SSGIR), insulin concentration (SSIC), insulin sensitivity index (ISI = SSGIR/SSIC), and plasma NEFA concentration (SSNEFA) were assessed.</p> </sec> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Compared with CG‐cows, DG‐cows on d1 had higher plasma glucose (<italic>P</italic> = .004) and insulin (<italic>P</italic> < .001) concentrations, decreased SSGIR (HEC‐II, <italic> P</italic> = .002; HEC‐IV, <italic> P</italic> = .033), ISI (HEC‐I, <italic>P</italic> < .015; HEC‐II, <italic> P</italic> = .004), and insulin‐stimulated decrease in SSNEFA (HEC‐II, <italic> P</italic> = .006; HEC‐III, <italic> P</italic> = .01; HEC‐IV, <italic> P</italic> = .003; HEC‐V, <italic>P</italic> = .011). Decrease in hepatic TAG content in DG‐cows was higher compared with CG‐cows (<italic>P</italic> < .001).</p> </sec> <sec id="jvim12010-sec-0006" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance</title> <p>Dexamethasone decreases whole body insulin sensitivity and affects glucose and lipid metabolism in early lactating dairy cows.</p> </sec> </abstract>