Design of Experiment Approach for the Process Optimisation of Microwave Assisted Extraction of Lupeol from Ficus racemosa Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology. Issue 3 (15th October 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Das, Anup Kumar; Mandal, Vivekananda; Mandal, Subhash C.
• Is Part Of: Phytochemical analysis. Volume 24:Issue 3(2013:May)
• Page Start: 230
• Page End: 247
• Publication Date: 2012-10-15
• Subjects: Plants -- Analysis -- Periodicals; Plants -- chemistry -- Periodicals; 572.2
• DOI: 10.1002/pca.2403
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0958-0344

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>ABSTRACT</title> <sec id="pca2403-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Introduction</title> <p>Triterpenoids are a group of important phytocomponents from <italic>Ficus racemosa</italic> (syn. <italic>Ficus glomerata Roxb</italic>.) that are known to possess diverse pharmacological activities and which have prompted the development of various extraction techniques and strategies for its better utilisation.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2403-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>To develop an effective, rapid and ecofriendly microwave‐assisted extraction (MAE) strategy to optimise the extraction of a potent bioactive triterpenoid compound, lupeol, from young leaves of <italic>Ficus racemosa</italic> using response surface methodology (RSM) for industrial scale‐up.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2403-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Material and Method</title> <p>Initially a Plackett–Burman design matrix was applied to identify the most significant extraction variables amongst microwave power, irradiation time, particle size, solvent:sample ratio loading, varying solvent strength and pre‐leaching time on lupeol extraction. Among the six variables tested, microwave power, irradiation time and solvent–sample/loading ratio were found to have a significant effect (<italic>P < 0.05</italic>) on lupeol extraction and were fitted to a Box–Behnken‐design‐generated quadratic polynomial equation to predict optimal extraction conditions as well as to locate operability regions with maximum yield.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2403-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>The optimal conditions were microwave power of 65.67% of 700 W, extraction time of 4.27 min and solvent–sample ratio loading of 21.33 mL/g. Confirmation trials under the optimal conditions gave an experimental yield (18.52 µg/g of dry leaves) close to the RSM predicted value of 18.71 µg/g.</p> </sec> <sec id="pca2403-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Under the optimal conditions the mathematical model was found to be well fitted with the experimental data. The MAE was found to be a more rapid, convenient and appropriate extraction method, with a higher yield and lower solvent consumption when compared with conventional extraction techniques. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p> </sec> </abstract>