Global gray and white matter metabolic changes after simian immunodeficiency virus infection in CD8‐depleted rhesus macaques: proton MRS imaging at 3 T. (17th February 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Wu, William E.; Tal, Assaf; Kirov, Ivan I.; Rusinek, Henry; Charytonowicz, Daniel; Babb, James S.; Ratai, Eva‐Maria; Gilberto Gonzalez, R.; Gonen, Oded
• Is Part Of: NMR in biomedicine. Volume 26:Number 4(2013:Apr.)
• Page Start: 480
• Page End: 488
• Publication Date: 2013-02-17
• Subjects: Nuclear magnetic resonance -- Periodicals; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy -- Periodicals; 574
• DOI: 10.1002/nbm.2889
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0952-3480

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>To test the hypotheses that global decreased neuro‐axonal integrity reflected by decreased <italic>N</italic>‐acetylaspartate (NAA) and increased glial activation reflected by an elevation in its marker, the <italic>myo</italic>‐inositol (<italic>m</italic>I), present in a CD8‐depleted rhesus macaque model of HIV‐associated neurocognitive disorders. To this end, we performed quantitative MRI and 16 × 16 × 4 multivoxel proton MRS imaging (TE/TR = 33/1400 ms) in five macaques pre‐ and 4–6 weeks post‐simian immunodeficiency virus infection. Absolute NAA, creatine, choline (Cho), and <italic>m</italic>I concentrations, gray and white matter (GM and WM) and cerebrospinal fluid fractions were obtained. Global GM and WM concentrations were estimated from 224 voxels (at 0.125 cm<sup>3</sup> spatial resolution over ~35% of the brain) using linear regression. Pre‐ to post‐infection global WM NAA declined 8%: 6.6 ± 0.4 to 6.0 ± 0.5 mM (<italic>p</italic> = 0.05); GM Cho declined 20%: 1.3 ± 0.2 to 1.0 ± 0.1 mM (<italic>p</italic> < 0.003); global <italic>m</italic>I increased 11%: 5.7 ± 0.4 to 6.5 ± 0.5 mM (<italic>p</italic> < 0.03). Global GM and WM brain volume fraction changes were statistically insignificant. These metabolic changes are consistent with global WM (axonal) injury and glial activation, and suggest a possible GM host immune response. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</p> </abstract>