Genetic variation in the lactase gene, dairy product intake and risk for prostate cancer in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition. Issue 8 (17th October 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Travis, Ruth C.; Appleby, Paul N.; Siddiq, Afshan; Allen, Naomi E.; Kaaks, Rudolf; Canzian, Federico; Feller, Silke; Tjønneland, Anne; Føns Johnsen, Nina; Overvad, Kim; Ramón Quirós, J.; González, Carlos A.; Sánchez, Maria‐José; Larrañaga, Nerea; Chirlaque, Maria‐Dolores; Barricarte, Aurelio; Khaw, Kay‐Tee; Wareham, Nick; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Valanou, Elisavet; Oustoglou, Erifili; Palli, Domenico; Sieri, Sabina; Tumino, Rosario; Sacerdote, Carlotta; Bueno‐de‐Mesquita, H. B(as).; Stattin, Pär; Ferrari, Pietro; Johansson, Mattias; Norat, Teresa; Riboli, Elio; Key, Timothy J;
• Is Part Of: International journal of cancer. Volume 132:Issue 8(2013:Apr. 15)
• Page Start: 1901
• Page End: 1910
• Publication Date: 2012-10-17
• Subjects: Cancer -- Periodicals; Cancer -- Prevention -- Periodicals; 616.994
• DOI: 10.1002/ijc.27836
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0020-7136

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" xml:lang="en"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>High dairy protein intake has been found to be associated with increased prostate cancer risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC). To further examine this possible relationship, we investigated the hypothesis that a genetic polymorphism in the <italic>lactase</italic> (<italic>LCT</italic>) gene might be associated with elevated dairy product intake and increased prostate cancer risk in a case–control study nested in EPIC. The C/T‐13910 <italic>lactase</italic> variant (rs4988235) was genotyped in 630 men with prostate cancer and 873 matched control participants. Dairy product consumption was assessed by diet questionnaire. Odds ratios (ORs) for prostate cancer in relation to <italic>lactase</italic> genotype were estimated by conditional logistic regression. <italic>Lactase</italic> genotype frequency varied significantly between countries, with frequencies of the T (lactase persistence) allele ranging from 7% in Greece to 79% in Denmark. Intake of milk and total dairy products varied significantly by <italic>lactase</italic> genotype after adjustment for recruitment center; adjusted mean intakes of milk were 44.4, 69.8 and 82.3 g/day among men with CC, CT and TT genotypes, respectively. The <italic>lactase</italic> variant was not significantly associated with prostate cancer risk, both in our data (adjusted OR for TT vs. CC homozygotes: 1.10, 95% CI: 0.76–1.59) and in a meta‐analysis of all the published data (combined OR for T allele carriers vs. CC homozygotes: 1.12, 0.96–1.32). These findings show that while variation in the <italic>lactase</italic> gene is associated with milk intake in men, the <italic>lactase</italic> polymorphism does not have a large effect on prostate cancer risk.</p> </abstract>