Gunshot wounds in military working dogs in Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom: 29 cases (2003–2009). (28th January 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Baker, Janice L.; Havas, Karyn A.; Miller, Laura A.; Lacy, Ward. A.; Schlanser, Justin
• Is Part Of: Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care. Volume 23:Number 1(2013:Jan./Feb.)
• Page Start: 47
• Page End: 52
• Publication Date: 2013-01-28
• Subjects: Veterinary emergencies -- Periodicals; Veterinary critical care -- Periodicals; 636.089
• DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2012.00823.x
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1479-3261

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="vec823-sec-0010" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>To describe the patient population, injuries, and treatment received on the battlefield, and ultimate outcome of U.S. military working dogs that incurred gunshot wound (GSW) injury in Operation Enduring Freedom (Afghanistan) or Operation Iraqi Freedom (Iraq).</p> </sec> <sec id="vec823-sec-0020" sec-type="section"> <title>Design</title> <p>Retrospective study between January 2003 and December 2009.</p> </sec> <sec id="vec823-sec-0030" sec-type="section"> <title>Animals</title> <p>Twenty‐nine military working dogs from the U.S. military with confirmed GSW injuries incurred in combat in Operation Enduring Freedom or Operation Iraqi Freedom.</p> </sec> <sec id="vec823-sec-0040" sec-type="section"> <title>Interventions</title> <p>None.</p> </sec> <sec id="vec823-sec-0050" sec-type="section"> <title>Measurements and Main Results</title> <p>Clinical data from battlefield treatment, which includes care from the point of injury through arrival to, but not including, a designated veterinary treatment facility. Twenty‐nine dogs were injured between 2003 and 2009. All but one of the injuries were from high caliber, high velocity weapons. Of the 29 injured dogs, 11 survived the injuries and 18 died (38% survival rate). Of the dogs that died, all but 1 died from catastrophic nonsurvivable injuries before treatment or evacuation could be instituted. The thorax was the most common site of injury (50%) followed by extremity wounds (46%). The leading cause of death from GSWs was from thoracic wounds, followed by head wounds. Dogs with extremity wounds as their only injury were most likely to survive, and dogs with multiple injuries were least likely to survive. All surviving dogs received treatment at the point of injury by military medics and dog handlers consistent with Tactical Combat Casualty Care guidelines for combat injuries in human service members. Of the 11 that survived, all dogs returned to full duty with subsequent deployment to combat zones. Location of wounds and injury severity at the time of presentation to veterinary care was not correlated with length of time until return to duty.</p> </sec> </abstract>