Effects of Supraphysiological Testosterone Treatment and Orchiectomy on Ischemia/Reperfusion‐Induced Bladder Dysfunction in Male Rabbits. (27th February 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Chuang, Shu‐Mien; Liu, Keh‐Min; Lee, Yung‐Chin; Lin, Rong‐Jyh; Chang, Chao‐Yuan; Wu, Wen‐Jen; Chang, Wei‐Chiao; Levin, Robert M.; Juan, Yung‐Shun
• Is Part Of: Journal of sexual medicine. Volume 10:Number 5(2013:May)
• Page Start: 1278
• Page End: 1290
• Publication Date: 2013-02-27
• Subjects: Sexual disorders -- Periodicals; Sex -- Periodicals; Sexual health -- Periodicals; 616.69005
• DOI: 10.1111/jsm.12104
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1743-6095

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Introduction</title> <p>The roles of testosterone and orchiectomy on male bladder subjected to ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injuries received little attention. To fill this gap, the present study intended to examine testosterone and orchiectomy effects on male rabbits subjected to I/R damages.</p> </sec> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>To elucidate the effects of testosterone and orchiectomy on contractile response, bladder morphology, interstitial fibrosis, and oxidative stress in male rabbit bladder subjected to I/R surgery.</p> </sec> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Male New Zealand rabbits were distributed into five groups as follows: Group 1 received sham surgical procedure. In group 2, I/R surgery was performed. In group 3, testosterone (100 μg/kg/day) was intramuscularly injected prior to I/R surgery. In group 4, orchiectomy was performed prior to I/R surgery. In group 5, orchiectomy was performed with subsequent testosterone administration, followed by I/R surgery. All the rabbits were euthanized 7 days after I/R. Comparative studies were analyzed to elucidate the effects of testosterone and orchiectomy on bladder dysfunction subjected to I/R injuries.</p> </sec> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Main Outcome Measures</title> <p>Bladder contractile function was evaluated. Masson's trichrome staining and immunohistochemical studies were performed to evaluate bladder morphology and intramural nerve terminals. Western blotting was examined to investigate the expressions of fibrosis and oxidative stress markers.</p> </sec> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>I/R surgery significantly decreased bladder contractility in response to various stimulations with and without testosterone treatment. I/R damages decreased bladder nerve density with and without testosterone. The expressions of fibrosis and oxidative stress‐related proteins were increased by I/R injuries with or without testosterone treatment. Testosterone depletion significantly decreased the expressions of transforming growth factor‐β and fibronectin expressions after I/R injury. Supraphysiological testosterone treatment after orchiectomy greatly increased the expressions of these fibrosis proteins; however, orchiectomy alone ameliorated I/R injuries.</p> </sec> <sec id="jsm12104-sec-0006" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Testosterone treatment or orchiectomy affected I/R‐induced bladder damages in male rabbits. Orchiectomy decreased the level of fibrosis and oxidative stress markers and increased neurofilament densities. Supraphysiological exogenous testosterone administration after orchiectomy further exacerbated such detrimental effects of I/R.</p> </sec> </abstract>