The challenge of understanding the origin, pathways and extent of fungal invasions: global populations of the Neofusicoccum parvum–N. ribis species complex. Issue 8 (18th January 2013)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sakalidis, M. L.; Slippers, B.; Wingfield, B. D.; Hardy, G. E. St. J.; Burgess, T. I.; Austin, Jeremy
• Is Part Of: Diversity & distributions. Volume 19:Issue 8(2013)
• Page Start: 873
• Page End: 883
• Publication Date: 2013-01-18
• Subjects: Biodiversity -- Periodicals; Biodiversity conservation -- Periodicals; 577
• DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12030
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1366-9516

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="ddi12030-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="ddi12030-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>Cryptic species in the <italic>Neofusicoccum parvum</italic>–<italic>N. ribis</italic> species complex have only recently been described, invalidating previous interpretations on host and geographical distribution. This study aimed to characterize the diversity and distribution of these species and to understand the patterns of host association, likely origins and their patterns of spread.</p> </sec> <sec id="ddi12030-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Location</title> <p>Australia, Brazil, Cameroon, Chile, China, Colombia, Ethiopia, France, Greece, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kenya, Mexico, New Zealand, Panama, Portugal, Puerto Rico, South Africa, South Korea, Spain, Swaziland, Taiwan, Thailand, Uganda, United States of America, Uruguay, Zambia and Zimbabwe.</p> </sec> <sec id="ddi12030-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Using the unique polymorphisms that separate species within the complex, we evaluated sequence search results available in public and in our own databases. In addition, the global distribution of diversity of <italic>N. parvum</italic> was analysed using seven microsatellite markers.</p> </sec> <sec id="ddi12030-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p> <italic>Neofusicoccum parvum</italic> is found in 90 hosts across six continents and 29 countries. <italic>Neofusicoccum kwambonambiense</italic> is found on four continents, six countries and on 14 hosts; <italic>N. occulatum</italic> is found on four continents, four countries and on 11 hosts; <italic>N. umdonicola</italic> is found on two continents, countries and hosts; <italic>N. cordaticola</italic> is found on three continents, countries and hosts; <italic>N. batangarum</italic> is found on two continents, three countries and three hosts; and <italic>N. ribis</italic> is found on one host in one country. Population genetic analysis of the global <italic>N. parvum</italic> population reflects admixture and repeat introductions.</p> </sec> <sec id="ddi12030-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Main conclusions</title> <p>This study illustrates the unfettered and frequent movement of latent pathogens across international borders. Amongst the species in the <italic>N. parvum–N. ribis</italic> complex, <italic>N. parvum</italic> is the most widespread and has been reported on the majority of the hosts studied. The current dispersal of <italic>N. parvum</italic> and its sister species is probably due to repeated introductions of plant material into new growing areas, with <italic>Eucalyptus</italic> and <italic>Vitis vinifera</italic> being two prominent candidates for material transfer.</p> </sec> </abstract>