Review article: the management of acute gastroenteritis in children. Issue 3 (28th November 2012)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pieścik‐Lech, M.; Shamir, R.; Guarino, A.; Szajewska, H.
• Is Part Of: Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics. Volume 37:Issue 3(2013)
• Page Start: 289
• Page End: 303
• Publication Date: 2012-11-28
• Subjects: Digestive organs -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Digestive organs -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Diseases -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Effect of drugs on -- Periodicals; 615.73
• DOI: 10.1111/apt.12163
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-2813

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" xml:lang="en" id="apt12163-abs-0001"> <title>Summary</title> <sec id="apt12163-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>In 2008, the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition (ESPGHAN) and the European Society of Paediatric Infectious Disease (ESPID) developed evidence‐based guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) in children in Europe.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt12163-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>To summarise data published subsequently to the ESPGHAN/ESPID guidelines.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt12163-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>MEDLINE and The Cochrane Library were searched in August 2012 for randomised controlled trials (RCTs) or their meta‐analyses published after 2008.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt12163-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Efforts to improve the taste and/or efficacy of oral rehydration solution (ORS) continue, and some interventions are promising. While standard (over 24 h) nasogastric rehydration is still being used, new evidence confirms that rapid (over 4 h) rehydration is also effective. For intravenous rehydration, new evidence is available regarding rapid or ultrarapid and large‐volume vs. standard‐volume rehydration; as the new evidence is not consistent, until more data are available, the administration of 20 mL/kg seems appropriate. Convincing evidence has accumulated showing that ondansetron reduces the risk for vomiting; however, a clearance on safety in children is needed. New evidence has reconfirmed that in Europe, where zinc deficiency is rare, there is no benefit from the use of zinc. New data, although mainly from outside of Europe, have reconfirmed that either smectite or racecadotril is an effective adjunctive therapy to oral rehydration. There is a clear effect of using certain probiotics, such as <italic>Lactobacillus</italic> GG or <italic>S. boulardii</italic>.</p> </sec> <sec id="apt12163-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>The update of current ESPGHAN/ESPID recommendations is warranted.</p> </sec> </abstract>