Two from one : a short introduction to cell division mechanisms /: a short introduction to cell division mechanisms. (2022)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Michael Polymenis.
• Authors: Polymenis, Michael
• Contents: Foreword 6 Acknowledgements 7 Preface 8 Symbols and abbreviations 10 1. History and context 13 1.1 From cells to their nuclei 13 1.1.1. The cell theory 14 1.1.2. Mitosis 15 1.2. The chromosome theory of heredity 17 1.3. DNA 19 1.4. Cell cycles come in many flavors 21 2. Cell growth and division 25 2.1. Balanced growth and cell proliferation 25 2.2. Measures of cell growth 28 2.3. The relationship between cell growth and division 30 2.4. Patterns of growth in the cell cycle 32 2.4.1. Amoeba cell growth 33 2.4.2. Fission yeast growth 34 2.4.3. Budding yeast growth 34 2.4.4. Mammalian cell growth 36 2.5. Sizers vs. Adders 36 3. Assaying cell cycle progression 41 3.1. Measuring cell cycle phases 41 3.1.1. Single-cell imaging 41 3.1.2. Labeled mitoses 42 3.1.3. Frequency distributions 44 3.2. Growth limitations and variations in the duration of cell cycle phases 46 3.3. Synchronous cultures 48 3.3.1. How can one induce synchrony? 48 3.3.2. Selecting for synchrony 51 3.3.2.1. Elutriation: The mother of all synchrony selections 52 4. The master switch 55 4.1. Genetic analyses leading the way 55 4.1.1. The cdc28 mutant of budding yeast 55 4.1.2. From the wee1 to the cdc2 mutant of fission yeast 58 4.1.3. What is true for one is true for all 60 4.2. All roads lead to the same control system 61 4.2.1. Cyclins 61 4.2.2. MPF 63 4.3. Making sense of it all 67 4.3.1. Cyclins galore in budding yeast 67 4.3.1.1. G1 cyclins 68 4.3.2. Back to wee1 69 5. Controlling the master switch 72 5.1. Cyclins in Cdk complexes 73 5.2. Cdk as a target of phosphorylations 75 5.2.1. Activating phosphorylation 75 5.2.2. Inhibitory phosphorylation 75 5.3. Other proteins in cyclin/Cdk complexes 76 5.3.1. Cdk inhibitors 76 5.3.1.1. Cip/Kip proteins 78 5.3.1.2. INK4 proteins 78 5.3.2. Cks1 79 5.4. What are its targets and how Cdk phosphorylates them 79 5.4.1. Defining the Cdk substrate universe 79 5.4.2. Cyclin the recruiter 81 5.4.3. Here comes Cks1 81 5.5. Ordering Cdk phosphorylation in the cell cycle 82 5.5.1. Order from intrinsic Cdk activity 83 5.5.2. Precision from specificity 84 6. A full circle of the switch 87 6.1. Modeling a cell cycle oscillator 87 6.2. The M-Cdk switch 90 6.2.1. Exit from interphase into mitosis 90 6.2.2. The anaphase promoting complex (APC) 91 6.2.3. From metaphase to anaphase 92 6.2.4. Flipping the M-Cdk switch off 92 6.2.5. Unsolved problem: ‘Sizing’ the M-Cdk switch 95 6.3. The G1/S Cdk switch 95 6.3.1. G1-Cdk activates G1/S transcription 96 6.3.1.1. Doing away with transcriptional inhibitors 96 6.3.1.1.1. The G1 cyclin Cln3 rises 97 6.3.1.1.2. Whi5 is diluted away as cells grow in size 98 6.3.2. Positive feedback at the G1/S switch 99 6.3.3. Negative feedback at the G1/S switch 100 6.3.4. Physiological relevance of G1/S switch in cancer 100 6.4. Transcriptional waves until the end of the cell cycle 102 6.5. Comments on overall gene expression in the cell cycle 103 7. Duplicating the genome 104 7.1. DNA replication 104 7.1.1. Setting the stage 105 7.1.2. Origin firing 108 7.1.3. Chromatin 110 7.1.4. Sisters stay together 110 7.2. Checkpoints 112 7.2.1. The general concept 112 7.2.2. DNA damage checkpoint 114 8. Segregating the chromosomes 117 8.1. Blind men’s riddle 117 8.2. The mitotic spindle 118 8.2.1. Tubulin 119 8.2.2. MTs are dynamic 120 8.2.3. Scaling the spindle 123 8.3. The microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs) 124 8.4. The kinetochore 128 8.4.1. Kinetochore-MT attachment: Stochastic or deterministic? 129 8.4.2. May the force be with you 130 8.5. The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) 133 9. Segregating organelles and the cytoplasm 136 9.1. The Golgi 137 9.2. Mitochondria 139 9.3. Lysosomes and vacuoles 142 9.4. Mitotic fragmentation of the nuclear envelope 143 9.5. Cytokinesis: Two from One 144 9.5.1. Position 145 9.5.2. Assemble 148 9.5.3. Contract 150 References 156
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Publication Date: 2022
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 571.844; Cell division; Cell cycle
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119930167
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.; Note: Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.