Underwater Inspection and Repair for Offshore Structures. (2021)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: John V. Sharp, Gerhard Ersdal.
• Authors: Sharp, John V; Ersdal, Gerhard
• Contents: 1 INTRODUCTION TO UNDERWATER INSPECTION AND REPAIR 1 1.1 BACKGROUND 1 1.2 WHY DO WE INSPECT AND REPAIR STRUCTURES 2 1.3 TYPES OF OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 5 1.3.1 Fixed steel structures 7 1.3.2 Floating structures 7 1.3.3 Concrete platforms 8 1.4 OVERVIEW OF THIS BOOK 9 1.5 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 10 1.6 REFERENCES 10 2 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS FOR INSPECTION AND REPAIR OF OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 11 2.1 INTRODUCTION 11 2.2 EXAMPLES OF COUNTRY STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS 12 2.2.1 Introduction 12 2.2.2 Regulation in US offshore industry 13 2.2.3 Regulation in UK offshore industry 13 2.2.4 Regulation in Norwegian offshore industry 14 2.3 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR STEEL STRUCTURES 14 2.3.1 Introduction 14 2.3.2 API RP-2A and API RP-2SIM (Structural Integrity Management) 15 2.3.3 API RP-2FSIM (Floating Systems Integrity Management) 18 2.3.4 ISO 19902 19 2.3.5 ISO 19901-9 20 2.3.6 NORSOK N-005 20 2.4 STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDED PRACTICES FOR MOORING SYSTEMS 20 2.4.1 Introduction 20 2.4.2 API RP-2MIM (Mooring Integrity Management) 21 2.4.3 IACS Guideline for survey of offshore moorings 22 2.5 STANDARDS AND GUIDANCE NOTES FOR CONCRETE STRUCTURES 23 2.5.1 Introduction 23 2.5.2 ISO 19903 – concrete structures 23 2.5.3 Department of Energy Guidance Notes 27 2.5.4 NORSOK N-005 – concrete structures 28 2.6 DISCUSSION AND SUMMARY 29 2.7 REFERENCES 30 3 DAMAGE TYPES IN OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 33 3.1 INTRODUCTION 33 3.1.1 General 33 3.1.2 Corrosion 34 3.1.3 Cracking due to fatigue 36 3.1.4 Dents, bows and gauges due to impact 37 3.1.5 Cracking due to Hydrogen Embrittlement 37 3.1.6 Erosion, wear and tear 38 3.1.7 Brittle Fracture 38 3.1.8 Grout crushing and slippage 38 3.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON DAMAGE TO OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 38 3.3 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON DAMAGE TO FIXED STEEL STRUCTURES 39 3.3.1 MTD Underwater inspection of steel offshore structures 39 3.3.2 MTD Review of repairs to offshore structures and pipelines 41 3.3.3 PMB AIM project for MMS 41 3.3.4 HSE study on causes of damage to fixed steel structures 44 3.3.5 Single sided closure welds 45 3.3.6 MSL Rationalization and optimization of underwater inspection planning report 46 3.3.7 Studies on hurricane and storm damage 48 3.4 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON DAMAGE TO FLOATING STEEL STRUCTURES 51 3.4.1 D.En. studies on semi-submersibles 51 3.4.2 SSC review of damage types to ship shaped structures 51 3.4.3 Defect type for tanker structure components 52 3.4.4 Semisubmersible flooding incident data 53 3.5 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON DAMAGE TYPES TO MOORING LINES AND ANCHORS 54 3.5.1 Introduction and damage statistics for moorings 54 3.5.2 API RP-2MIM overview of damage types to mooring lines 55 3.5.3 HSE studies on mooring systems 56 3.5.4 Studies on corrosion of mooring systems 57 3.5.5 Studies on fatigue of mooring systems 58 3.6 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON CONCRETE STRUCTURES 59 3.6.1 Concrete in the Ocean project 59 3.6.2 Durability of offshore concrete structures 60 3.6.3 PSA study on damage to offshore concrete structures 60 3.7 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON MARINE GROWTH (MARINE FOULING) 62 3.8 SUMMARY OF DAMAGE AND ANOMALIES TO OFFSHORE STRUCTURES 64 3.8.1 General 64 3.8.2 Damage types specific to steel structures 65 3.8.3 Damage types specific to concrete structures 65 3.8.4 Summary table of damage to different types of structures 65 3.9 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 68 3.10 REFERENCES 68 4 INSPECTION METHODS FOR OFFSHORE STRUCTURES UNDERWATER 70 4.1 INTRODUCTION TO UNDERWATER INSPECTION 70 4.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON INSPECTION 72 4.2.1 Introduction 72 4.2.2 SSC survey of non-destructive test methods 72 4.2.3 Underwater inspection / testing / monitoring of offshore structures 74 4.2.4 HSE Handbook for underwater inspectors 75 4.2.5 MTD Underwater inspection of steel offshore structures 75 4.2.6 Department of Energy Fourth edition Guidance Notes on surveys 76 4.2.7 HSE Detection of damage to underwater tubulars and its effect on strength 77 4.2.8 MSL Rationalization and optimization of underwater inspection planning report 79 4.2.9 Projects on testing of inspection methods and their reliability 83 4.2.10 Concrete in the ocean programme 85 4.3 INSPECTION AND INSPECTION METHODS 89 4.3.1 Introduction 89 4.3.2 Visual inspection 90 4.3.3 Ultrasonic testing methods 92 4.3.4 Electromagnetic methods 93 4.3.5 Radiographic testing 95 4.3.6 Flooded member detection 95 4.3.7 Rebound hammer 97 4.3.8 Chloride ingress test 97 4.3.9 Electro-potential mapping 98 4.3.10 Cathodic protection inspection 99 4.4 DEPLOYMENT METHODS 101 4.4.1 Introduction 101 4.4.2 Divers 101 4.4.3 ROV and AUV 102 4.4.4 Splash zone access 105 4.4.5 Summary of inspection methods and their deployment 106 4.5 COMPETENCY OF INSPECTION PERSONNEL AND ORGANISATIONS 107 4.5.1 Introduction 107 4.5.2 Regulatory requirements on competency 107 4.5.3 Requirements on competency in standards 108 4.5.4 Certification and training of inspectors 109 4.5.5 Trials to study inspector competency 110 4.5.6 Organisational competency 110 4.6 RELIABILITY OF DIFFERENT INSPECTION METHODS UNDERWATER 112 4.7 INSPECTION OF FIXED STEEL STRUCTURES 114 4.8 INSPECTION OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES 117 4.9 INSPECTION OF FLOATING STRUCTURES AND MOORING SYSTEMS 120 4.10 REFERENCES 123 5 STRUCTURAL MONITORING METHODS 127 5.1 INTRODUCTION 127 5.1.1 General 127 5.1.2 Historical background 127 5.1.3 Requirements for monitoring in standards 130 5.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON STRUCTURAL MONITORING METHODS 131 5.2.1 MTD Underwater inspection of steel offshore installations 131 5.2.2 HSE review of structural monitoring 132 5.2.3 HSE updated review of structural monitoring 134 5.2.4 SIMoNET 136 5.3 STRUCTURAL MONITORING TECHNIQUES 136 5.3.1 Introduction 136 5.3.2 Acoustic emission technique 136 5.3.3 Leak detection 137 5.3.4 Global positioning systems and radar 137 5.3.5 Fatigue gauge 138 5.3.6 Continuous flooded member detection 138 5.3.7 Natural frequency monitoring 138 5.3.8 Strain Monitoring 139 5.3.9 Riser and anchor chain monitoring 140 5.3.10 Acoustic fingerprinting 140 5.3.11 Monitoring with guided waves 140 5.4 STRUCTURAL MONITORING CASE STUDY 140 5.5 SUMMARY ON STRUCTURAL MONITORING 141 5.6 BIBLIOGRAPHIC NOTES 143 5.7 REFERENCES 143 6 INSPECTION PLANNING, PROGRAMME AND DATA MANAGEMENT 145 6.1 INTRODUCTION 145 6.1.1 General 145 6.1.2 Long term inspection plan 146 6.1.3 Approaches for long-term inspection planning 148 6.1.4 Inspection programme 150 6.1.5 Integrity data management 151 6.1.6 Key performance Indicators 154 6.2 PREVIOUS STUDIES ON LONG-TERM PLANNING OF INSPECTIONS 155 6.2.1 PMB AIM project for MMS 155 6.2.2 MSL Rationalization and optimization of underwater inspection planning report 156 6.2.3 HSE study on the effects of local joint flexibility 157 6.2.4 HSE ageing plant report 157 6.2.5 Studies on risk based and probabilistic inspection planning 158 6.2.6 EI guide to risk based inspection planning 161 6.3 SUMMARY ON INSPECTION PLANNING AND PROGRAMME 162 6.3.1 Introduction 162 6.
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Wiley
• Publication Date: 2021
• Extent: 1 online resource (368 pages)
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119633815
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.