Pesticide toxicity to non-target organisms : exposure, toxicity and risk assessment methodologies /: exposure, toxicity and risk assessment methodologies. (2016)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Johnson Stanley, Gnanadhas Preetha.
• Authors: Stanley, Johnson; Preetha, Gnanadhas
• Contents: Foreword; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Abbreviations; List of Figures; Introduction; Pesticide Toxicity in Agro-ecosystem; Pesticide Toxicity in Plants: Affecting the Associated Organisms; Pesticide Toxicity to Predators; Pesticide Toxicity to Parasitoids; Pesticide Toxicity to Pollinators; Pesticide Toxicity to Silkworm; Pesticide in Soil: Affecting Soil Organisms; Pesticide Toxicity to Earthworms; Pesticide Toxicity on Microorganisms; Pesticide in Aquatic Ecosystem; Pesticide Toxicity on Fish; References. Chapter 1: Pesticide Toxicity to Arthropod Predators: Exposure, Toxicity and Risk Assessment Methodologies1 Importance of Arthropod Predators in Pest Management; 1.1 Arthropod Predators; 1.2 Classification of Predators; 1.3 Arthropod Predators in Pest Suppression; 2 Major Arthropod Predators and Pest Management; 2.1 Coccinellids; 2.1.1 Prey Preference and Consumption in Laboratory Tests; 2.1.2 Field Efficacy of Coccinellids; 2.2 Lacewings; 2.3 Predatory Bugs; 2.4 Syrphids; 2.5 Predatory Wasps; 2.6 Predatory Beetles; 2.7 Other Insect Predators; 2.8 Predatory Mites; 2.9 Predatory Spiders. 2.9.1 Arthropod Predators in Ecosystem Service3 Exposure Routes of Pesticides to Predators; 3.1 Contact While Application; 3.2 Contact to Treated Material/Plant Parts; 3.3 Feeding of Intoxicated Insects; 3.4 Feeding of Nectar/Pollen of Treated Plants; 3.5 Feeding on Treated Plants; 3.6 Contact to Soil and Plant Debris; 3.7 Exposure Through Drifts in Off-Crop Habitats; 4 Effect of Pesticides on Predators in Agro-ecosystem; 4.1 Acute Toxicity; 4.1.1 Median Lethal Values; 4.1.2 Mortality in Laboratory Assays at Field Recommended Dose; 4.2 Chronic Toxicity; 4.3 Persistent Toxicity. 4.4 Sublethal Toxicity4.4.1 Alteration in Developmental Time and Longevity; 4.4.2 Fecundity; 4.4.3 Egg Hatchability; 4.4.4 Malformation; 4.4.5 Behaviour Alteration; 4.4.6 Effect on Predation; 4.4.7 Life Table Parameters at Sublethal Doses; 4.5 Field Effects; 4.5.1 Field Toxicity; 4.5.2 Reduction in Population After Pesticide Application in Fields; 5 Methods to Assess Pesticide Toxicity to Arthropod Predators; 5.1 Tier I Toxicity Evaluation: Laboratory Experiments; 5.1.1 Acute Toxicity Assays; 5.1.1.1 Direct Contact Toxicity Assays; 5.1.1.1.1 Dipping the Test Organism. Coccinellid Eggs (Aghabaglou et al. 2013)Predatory Mite Eggs (Castagnoli et al. 2005; Duso et al. 2008); Spiders and Mirid Bugs (Tanaka et al. 2000); Mites Pasted in Slides (Magalhaes and Bakker 2002; Nomikou et al. 2003); 5.1.1.1.2 Micro-immersion for Predatory Mites (Duso et al. 2008); 5.1.1.1.3 Direct Sprays Using Potter's Precision Tower; Coccinellid and Chrysopid Larvae (Michaud and Grant 2003); Predatory Mites (Kim and Yoo 2002); Predatory Bugs (Kim et al. 2006); 5.1.1.1.4 Direct Spray Using Motorized Spray Chamber (Galvan et al. 2005).
• Publisher Details: Dordrecht : Springer
• Publication Date: 2016
• Extent: 1 online resource (xxx, 502 pages), illustrations (some color)
• Subjects: 615.9/02; Pesticides -- Toxicology; MEDICAL -- Pharmacology; Pesticides -- Toxicology; Life Sciences; Agriculture; Entomology; Conservation Biology/Ecology; Ecotoxicology; Biological Techniques; Pesticides -- toxicity; Electronic books
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9789401777520; 9401777527; 9401777500; 9789401777506
• Related ISBNs: 9789401777506
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.; Note: Online resource; title from PDF title page (SpringerLink, viewed August 19, 2016).
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.