Co- and post-translational modifications of therapeutic antibodies and proteins. (2019)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: T. Shantha Raju.
• Authors: Raju, T. Shantha
• Contents: Preface xv About the Author xix Abbreviations xxi 1 Introduction to Co- and Post-translational Modifications of Proteins 1 Brief Introductions to Individual Chapters 8 Chapter 2: Acetylation of Proteins 8 Chapter 3: C-Terminal Lys or Arg Clipping of Proteins 8 Chapter 4: Cysteinylation of Proteins 8 Chapter 5: Deamidation of Proteins 8 Chapter 6: Glycation of Proteins 9 Chapter 7: Glycosylation of Proteins 9 Chapter 8: N-glycosylation of Proteins 9 Chapter 9: O-glycosylation of Proteins 10 Chapter 10: Hydroxylation of Proteins 10 Chapter 11: Methylation of Proteins 10 Chapter 12: Oxidation of Proteins 11 Chapter 13: Phosphorylation of Proteins 11 Chapter 14: Prenylation of Proteins 11 Chapter 15: Proteolysis of Proteins 11 Chapter 16: Selenylation of Proteins 12 Chapter 17: Signal Peptides of Proteins 12 Chapter 18: Sulfation of Proteins and Glycoproteins 12 Chapter 19: SUMOylation 12 Chapter 20: Ubiquitination 13 Chapter 21: Other PTMs 13 References 13 2 Acetylation of Proteins 17 Introduction 17 Mechanism of N-acetylation at the N-termini of Proteins 19 Mechanism of N-acetylation and N-deacetylation of Lysine Residues 21 Mechanism of O-acetylation of Sugar Residues 21 Biological Significance of Protein Acetylation 22 Acetylation in Recombinant Therapeutic Proteins 23 Methods to Analyze Acetylation in Proteins and Carbohydrates 23 References 24 3 C-terminal Lys or Arg Clipping in Proteins 31 Introduction 31 Biological Significance of C-terminal Lys or Arg Clipping in Proteins 31 Analysis of C-terminal Lys or Arg Clipping in Proteins 32 References 32 4 Cysteinylation of Proteins 35 Introduction 35 Biological Significance of Cysteinylation of Proteins 35 Cysteinylation and Trisulfide Bonds in Recombinant Therapeutic Proteins 36 Analysis of Cysteinylation of Proteins 36 References 37 5 Deamidation of Proteins 39 Introduction 39 Mechanism of Deamidation of Proteins 40 Physicochemical Characteristics of Deamidated Proteins 42 Biological Significance of Deamidation of Proteins 43 Deamidation and Immunogenicity 43 Deamidation and Pharmacokinetics Properties of Proteins 44 Deamidation in Recombinant Therapeutic Proteins 44 Methods for the Analysis of Deamidation in Proteins 44 References 45 6 Glycation of Proteins 51 Introduction 51 Mechanism of Protein Glycation 52 Glycation of Proteins in Human 54 Protein Glycation and Human Diseases 55 Glycation in Recombinant Therapeutic Proteins 56 Methods to Analyze Protein Glycation 57 References 58 7 Glycosylation of Proteins 63 Introduction 63 Glycans and Aglycans 64 Glycosidic Bonds 64 Aldoses and Ketoses 66 Anomeric Groups: α- and β-Configurations 69 Natural Diversity of Glycans 70 Glycans and Enzymes 71 N-glycosylation 71 O-glycosylation 72 Phospho-Serine Glycosylation 72 GPI-Anchors (Glypiation) 72 C-mannosylation 73 References 73 8 N-glycosylation of Proteins 77 Introduction 77 Mechanism of N-glycosylation of Proteins 81 Biosynthesis of N-Glycans 81 Biosynthesis of Lipid-linked Precursor Oligosaccharide 81 En Bloc Transfer of the Precursor Oligosaccharide to Nascent Polypeptide Chain 82 Processing of the Glycan 82 Additional Processing of Oligosaccharide Unit for Chain Elongation and/or Modifications 83 Microheterogeneity of N-Glycans 84 Species-Specific N-glycosylation 85 Functions of N-glycans 87 Physicochemical Functions of N-glycans 87 Biological Functions of N-glycans 88 Impact of N-Glycans on Pharmacokinetic Properties of Proteins 88 N-Glycans and Human Diseases 89 N-glycosylation of RTPs 89 Methods to Analyze N-Glycans 90 References 92 9 O-glycosylation of Proteins 101 Introduction 101 Biosynthesis of O-Glycans 103 Biosynthesis of Mucin Type O-Glycans 103 Biosynthesis of O-linked GlcNAc on Proteins 105 Biosynthesis of O-linked Fucose on Proteins 106 Biosynthesis of O-linked Glc Residues 107 Biosynthesis of O-linked Gal Residues 107 Biosynthesis of O-linked Man Residues 107 O-Glycans on Hydroxyproline Residues 108 Physicochemical Properties of O-Glycosylated Proteins 108 Biological Functions of O-Glycans 108 O-glycosylation in RTPs 110 Analysis of O-Glycans 111 References 113 10 Hydroxylation of Proteins 119 Introduction 119 Mechanism of Hydroxylation 120 Mechanism of Hydroxylation in Organic Molecules 120 Mechanism of Hydroxylation in Biomolecules 121 Prolyl 4-Hydroxylase 123 Prolyl 3-Hydroxylase 123 Lysyl 5-Hydroxylase 123 Phenylalanine Hydroxylase 123 Tyrosine Hydroxylase 124 Biological Significance of Hydroxylation 124 Hydroxylation in RTPs 126 Analysis of Hydroxylation 126 References 127 11 Methylation of Proteins 133 Introduction 133 Mechanism of Protein Methylation 135 Chemical Methylation Reactions 135 Biological Methylation Reactions 135 Methylation of Arg Residues 135 Methylation of Lys Residues 137 Methylation of Prenylcysteine Residues 137 Methylation of Protein Phosphatase 2A 137 Methylation of Isoaspartyl Residues 138 O-Methylation of Sugar Residues 138 Physicochemical and Biological Significance of Methylation of Proteins 139 Methylation in RTPs 140 Methods to Analyze Methylation in Proteins and Glycoproteins 140 References 141 12 Oxidation of Proteins 147 Introduction 147 Mechanism of Protein Oxidation 149 Methionine (Met) Oxidation 149 Cysteine (Cys) Oxidation 150 Tryptophan (Trp) Oxidation 151 Tyrosine (Tyr) Oxidation 153 Oxidation of Other Amino Acid Residues and Protein Backbone 155 Oxidation in RTPs 155 Met Oxidation in mAbs 157 Analytical Methods to Measure Protein Oxidation 157 References 158 13 Phosphorylation of Proteins 163 Introduction 163 Mechanism of Protein Phosphorylation in Living Cells 164 Mg2+ Mediated Mechanism of Protein Phosphorylation 165 Protein Kinase-Based Mechanism of Protein Phosphorylation 166 Mechanism of Dephosphorylation of Proteins by Phosphatases 166 Protein Kinases 167 Serine Kinases 167 Tyrosine Kinases 168 Physicochemical and Biological Functions of Protein Phosphorylation 169 Phosphorylation in RTPs 169 Methods to Analyze Protein Phosphorylation 170 Gel Electrophoresis 170 Mass Spectrometry 171 Enrichment of Phosphoproteins 171 Enrichment of Phosphorylated Peptides 171 References 171 14 Prenylation of Proteins 177 Introduction 177 Mechanism of Protein Prenylation 177 Biologi
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Hoboken, New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Inc
• Publication Date: 2019
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 572.645; Post-translational modification; Biopharmaceutics; Biopharmaceutics -- Economic aspects
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119053361
• Related ISBNs: 9781119053347
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