Archaic Greece. (2019)

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Brian Lavelle.
• Authors: Lavelle, Brian M, 1951-
• Contents: Figures and Source-Acknowledgments xiii Preface xvii Acknowledgments xix Abbreviations and Citations xxi Maps xxiii 1 Sources for the Archaic Period 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Archaeology and the Material Remains 1 1.2.1 Pottery 2 1.2.2 Burials 4 1.2.3 Inscriptions 5 1.2.4 Other Types of Material Evidence 7 1.2.5 Problems of Interpretation 7 1.3 Literary Sources 8 1.3.1 Archaic Greek Poets 9 1.3.2 Prose Writers 10 1.4 Managing the Muses 11 1.4.1 Evaluating and Deploying the Evidence 11 Notes 13 Further Reading 13 2 A Brief Overview of the Archaic Period 15 2.1 Introduction 15 2.2 The Environment and Greek Life 16 2.2.1 The Land and the Sea 16 2.2.2 The Greeks and Others 17 2.3 The Early Archaic Period 18 2.4 The Seventh Century BCE: Expansion and Change 19 2.4.1 Colonies 19 2.4.2 Law Codes 20 2.4.3 Tyranny 21 2.5 The Sixth Century BCE: Conflict and Creation 21 2.5.1 The Kingdom of Lydia 21 2.5.2 The Empire of the Persians 22 2.5.3 Greek Culture in the Sixth Century BCE 24 2.6 The Early Fifth Century BCE: The Defeat of Persia 24 2.7 Sparta and Lakonia 25 2.8 Athens and Attika 26 Notes 27 Further Reading 27 Brief Timeline for the Archaic Period 29 3 Polis and Politics in Archaic Greece 31 3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Origins and Nature of the Early Polis 31 3.3 Transformations of Leadership and Governance in the Archaic Polis 34 3.3.1 Basileis and Aristoi 35 3.3.2 Archaic Greek Tyrants and Tyranny 38 3.3.3 Lawgivers and Law Codes 40 3.4 Demokratia 3.4.1 Background 42 3.4.2 Kleisthenes and His Reforms 43 3.5 The Evolution of Politics and Government in Archaic Greece: A Summary 45 3.6 Politics and the Archaic Greek Farmer 46 Notes 47 Further Reading 48 4 War and Violence in Archaic Greece 51 4.1 Introduction 51 4.1.1 “Homeric” Warfare 51 4.2 Land Warfare in the Early Archaic Period 53 4.2.1 “Servant of the War‐God” 53 4.2.2 Hoplites and the Phalanx 56 4.3 Land Warfare in the Later Archaic Period 61 4.3.1 Sparta, the Polis of War 61 4.4 Epilogue: The Causes of War 64 4.5 Summary 64 4.5.1 The Land War Experience in the Archaic Period 64 4.6 Conflict at Sea 66 4.6.1 Early Sea Travel and Piracy 66 4.6.2 Archaic Greek Ship‐Guilds 66 4.6.3 Archaic Greek Ships 68 4.6.4 The Archaic Greeks and the Sea: A Summary 70 Notes 71 Further Reading 71 5 Archaic Greek Myth and Religion 73 5.1 Introduction 73 5.2 The Gods of Hesiod and Homer 76 5.2.1 Hesiod 76 5.2.2 Homer 79 5.2.3 Xenophanes’ Complaint 81 5.3 Sanctuaries and Seers 82 5.3.1 Sacred Space 82 5.3.2 Seers, Prophets, and Sibyls 84 5.3.3 Dodona and Delphi 85 5.4 Gods and Poleis 86 5.4.1 Cult and Identity 86 5.5 The Archaic Greeks and Their Gods: A Summary 87 5.5.1 Law, Order, and Justice in the Kosmos 87 5.6 The Olympians 89 Notes 91 Further Reading 91 6 Early Greek Science 93 6.1 Darkness and Lumination 93 6.2 A Farmer’s Handbook: Hesiod’s Works and Days 94 6.3 The Near East, Miletos, and Science 95 6.3.1 Thales, Physikos kai Astronomikos 97 6.3.2 Anaximandros, Hekataios, and the World Imagined 100 6.3.3 Milesian Science: A Summary 102 6.4 “Wonders” 102 6.4.1 The Evolution of Archaic Greek Temples 102 6.4.2 Tunnels, Moles, and Bridges 104 6.5 Medicine 106 6.6 “Civilians, ” Science, and Technology 107 Notes 108 Further Reading 109 7 Archaic Greek Philosophy 111 7.1 Introduction 111 7.2 Hesiod and Zeus 112 7.3 Ionian Philosophy 114 7.3.1 The Milesians and the Kosmos 114 7.4 Skeptics, Critics, and Epistemology 116 7.4.1 Xenophanes 116 7.4.2 Herakleitos 118 7.5 Mathematics and the Mystical 120 7.5.1 Pythagoras 120 7.6 Summary 123 7.6.1 Early Philosophers and the Archaic Greeks 123 Notes 124 Further Reading 124 8 The Art of the Archaic Greeks 127 8.1 Introduction 127 8.2 Archaic Pottery‐Painting 128 8.2.1 Later Geometric Pottery 128 8.2.2 Early Archaic Pottery: Orientalizing, Proto‐Corinthian, and Proto‐Attic 129 8.2.3 Later Archaic Pottery: Black‐Figure and Red‐Figure Ware 131 8.3 Archaic Greek Sculpture 137 8.3.1 Introduction 137 8.3.2 Later Geometric Sculpture 137 8.3.3 Archaic Architectural Sculpture 138 8.3.4 Kouroi 142 8.3.5 Korai 145 8.4 Summary 149 8.4.1 Archaic Greek Art and Archaic Greeks 149 Notes 149 Further Reading 150 9 Archaic Greek Literature 151 9.1 Introduction 151 9.2 Homer 151 9.2.1 Iliad 153 9.2.2 Odyssey 155 9.3 Hesiod 157 9.4 Early Greek Lyric and Elegaic Poets 157 9.4.1 Archilochos 158 9.4.2 Semonides 160 9.4.3 Tyrtaios 160 9.4.4 Mimnermos 162 9.5 Later Lyric and Elegaic Poets 163 9.5.1 Sappho 163 9.5.2 Solon 165 9.5.3 Anakreon 167 9.5.4 Simonides 169 9.5.5 Pindar 173 9.6 Summary 174 Notes 175 Further Reading 176 10 Festivals and Games of the Archaic Greeks 179 10.1 Introduction 179 10.1.1 Pre‐Olympic Festivals and Games 179 10.2 The Olympic Festival and Games 181 10.2.1 Origins and Arrangements 181 10.2.2 Agones 182 10.2.3 Nike (“Victory”) 188 10.2.4 The Panhellenic Ideal 191 10.3 Other Games and Festivals 191 10.3.1 The Pythian, Nemean, and Isthmian Games 191 10.4 Local and Regional Festivals 194 10.4.1 Panathenaia 194 10.4.2 Other Local and Regional Festivals 196 10.5 Festivals and Culture 197 10.5.1 Dionysia and Drama at Athens 197 10.5.2 The Dithyramb, Thespis, and Attic Tragedy 197 10.6 Summary 199 Notes 199 Further Reading 200 11 Cultural Identity, Social Forces, Values, and Behaviors 203 11.1 Introduction 203 11.1.1 Philochoria 204 11.2 Honor, Fame, and Good Repute 205 11.2.1 Kleos and Arete : Old Standards and New Benchmarks 205 11.2.2 Adjustments and Modifications to Standards and Expectations 207 11.2.3 Right Conduct: Constructive and Destructive 209 11.2.4 Philia 211 11.3 Excess and Moderation 212 11.3.1 The Seven Sages and the Delphic Maxims 213 11.4 Competition 214 11.4.1 The Pursuit of Wealth 215 11.4.2 The Agon of Politics and Display 216 11.5 Old Allegiances and New Realities 217 11.5.1 Aristos an
• Edition: 1st
• Publisher Details: Chichester : Wiley Blackwell
• Publication Date: 2019
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 938.02; Greece -- History -- To 146 B.C; Greece -- Civilization
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9781119369943
• Related ISBNs: 9781119370451
• Notes: Note: Description based on CIP data; resource not viewed.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.