Methods and biostatistics in oncology : understanding clinical research as an applied tool /: understanding clinical research as an applied tool. ([2018])

• Record Type: Book
• Further Information: Note: Raphael L.C. Araújo, Rachel P. Riechelmann editors.
• Editors: Araújo, Raphael L. C; Riechelmann, Rachel P
• Contents: Intro; Foreword; Contents; Contributors; 1: Brief History of the Scientific Method and Its Application in Oncology; 1.1 Ancient Science; 1.2 The Middle Ages and the Arabic Influence; 1.3 The Renaissance and the New Scientific Method; 1.3.1 The "Magic" World and Natural Philosophy; 1.4 The Industrial Revolution and the Birth of Clinical Cancer Research; 1.5 The Future; Further Reading; 2: Generating a Hypothesis for an Oncology Study; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Defining a Research Question; 2.2.1 P (Population); 2.2.2 I (Intervention); 2.2.3 C (Comparison Group). 2.2.4 O (Outcome of Interest)2.2.5 T (Time); 2.3 Developing a Strong Research Question for a Grant Application; 2.3.1 Significance; 2.3.2 Innovation; 2.3.3 Feasibility; 2.4 Risks Involved in Clinical Research; 2.5 Formulating a Research Hypothesis; 2.6 Types of Hypotheses; 2.6.1 Null Hypothesis; 2.6.2 Alternative Hypothesis; 2.6.3 Non-inferiority × Superiority × Equivalence Questions; 2.7 Summary; References; 3: Types of Variables and Distributions; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Variables; 3.2.1 Variables and Parameters; 3.2.2 Types of Variables. 3.2.3 Independent vs. Dependent Variables3.3 Distributions of Variables; 3.4 Confounding Variables; References; 4: Testing Measures of Associations; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 How to Choose Your Test of Measure of Association; 4.2.1 Basic Concepts; 4.2.2 Comparing Groups of Continuous Variables; 4.2.2.1 Parametric Tests in Samples of Continuous Variables; 4.2.2.2 Nonparametric Tests in Samples of Continuous Variables; 4.2.3 Tests of Association for Categorical Variables; References; 5: Sample Size Calculation in Oncology Studies; 5.1 Introduction. 5.2 Fundamental Steps for Sample Size Calculation in Comparative Studies5.2.1 Defining the Primary Endpoint; 5.2.2 Tests of Hypotheses; 5.2.3 Dropouts; 5.2.4 Study Designs and Types of Comparisons; 5.3 Sample Size Calculation in Oncology Clinical Trials; 5.3.1 Single-Arm Phase II Trials; 5.3.2 Multiple-Arm and Randomized Phase II Trials; 5.3.3 Sample Size Calculation for Randomized Phase III Trials; 5.3.4 Particularities of Sample Size Calculation for Randomized Phase III Trials; 5.3.4.1 Stratification; 5.3.4.2 Unequal Treatment Allocation; 5.3.4.3 Interim Analyses. 5.4 Sample Size Calculation for Bayesian Adaptive Designs5.4.1 Fundamental Concepts for Sample Size Calculation in Non-comparative Studies in Oncology; 5.4.2 The Importance of Sample Size Calculation; References; 6: Interpretation of Results from Tables, Graphs, and Regressions in Cancer Research; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Tables; 6.3 Graphs; 6.3.1 Histograms; 6.3.2 Pie Charts; 6.3.3 Bar Graphs; 6.3.4 Box Plots; 6.3.5 Forest Plots; 6.4 Regressions; 6.4.1 Linear Regression; 6.4.2 Logistic Regression; 6.4.3 Cox Regression (Hazard-Proportional Model); 6.4.4 Univariate Analysis.
• Publisher Details: Cham, Switzerland : Springer
• Publication Date: 2018
• Copyright Date: 2018
• Extent: 1 online resource
• Subjects: 616.9940072; Medicine; Cancer -- Research; Oncology; Biometry; HEALTH & FITNESS -- Diseases -- General; MEDICAL -- Clinical Medicine; MEDICAL -- Diseases; MEDICAL -- Evidence-Based Medicine; MEDICAL -- Internal Medicine; Biometry; Cancer -- Research; Oncology; Neoplasms; Biomedical Research; Biostatistics -- methods; Clinical Trials as Topic; Evidence-Based Medicine; Cancer Research; Science -- Life Sciences -- General; Medical -- Oncology; Life sciences: general issues; Oncology; Oncology ; Statistical methods; Electronic books; Electronic book
• Languages: English
• ISBNs: 9783319713243; 3319713248
• Related ISBNs: 9783319713236; 331971323X
• Notes: Note: Includes bibliographical references and index.; Note: Vendor-supplied metadata.
• Access Rights: Legal Deposit; Only available on premises controlled by the deposit library and to one user at any one time; The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK).
• Access Usage: Restricted: Printing from this resource is governed by The Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations (UK) and UK copyright law currently in force.